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root / drupal7 / includes / database / select.inc @ 6ae446a4

       <?php
       /**
        * @addtogroup database
        * @{
        */
       require_once dirname(__FILE__) . '/query.inc';
       /**
        * Interface for extendable query objects.
+       *
        * "Extenders" follow the "Decorator" OOP design pattern.  That is, they wrap
        * and "decorate" another object.  In our case, they implement the same interface
        * as select queries and wrap a select query, to which they delegate almost all
        * operations.  Subclasses of this class may implement additional methods or
        * override existing methods as appropriate.  Extenders may also wrap other
        * extender objects, allowing for arbitrarily complex "enhanced" queries.
        */
       interface QueryExtendableInterface {
         /**
          * Enhance this object by wrapping it in an extender object.
+         *
          * @param $extender_name
          *   The base name of the extending class.  The base name will be checked
          *   against the current database connection to allow driver-specific subclasses
          *   as well, using the same logic as the query objects themselves.  For example,
          *   PagerDefault_mysql is the MySQL-specific override for PagerDefault.
          * @return QueryExtendableInterface
          *   The extender object, which now contains a reference to this object.
          */
         public function extend($extender_name);
+      }
       /**
        * Interface definition for a Select Query object.
        */
       interface SelectQueryInterface extends QueryConditionInterface, QueryAlterableInterface, QueryExtendableInterface, QueryPlaceholderInterface {
         /* Alter accessors to expose the query data to alter hooks. */
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the fields array for this query.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the fields
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding fields, however, the
          * use of addField() is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getFields();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the fields array structure.
          */
         public function &getFields();
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the expressions array for this query.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the expressions
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding expressions, however, the
          * use of addExpression() is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getExpressions();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the expression array structure.
          */
         public function &getExpressions();
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the order by array for this query.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the order-by
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding additional ordering
          * fields, however, the use of orderBy() is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getOrderBy();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the expression array structure.
          */
         public function &getOrderBy();
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the group-by array for this query.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the group-by
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding additional grouping
          * fields, however, the use of groupBy() is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getGroupBy();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the group-by array structure.
          */
         public function &getGroupBy();
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the tables array for this query.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the tables
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding tables, however, the
          * use of the join() methods is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getTables();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the tables array structure.
          */
         public function &getTables();
         /**
          * Returns a reference to the union queries for this query. This include
          * queries for UNION, UNION ALL, and UNION DISTINCT.
+         *
          * Because this method returns by reference, alter hooks may edit the tables
          * array directly to make their changes. If just adding union queries,
          * however, the use of the union() method is preferred.
+         *
          * Note that this method must be called by reference as well:
+         *
          * @code
          * $fields =& $query->getUnion();
          * @endcode
+         *
          * @return
          *   A reference to the union query array structure.
          */
         public function &getUnion();
         /**
          * Compiles and returns an associative array of the arguments for this prepared statement.
+         *
          * @param $queryPlaceholder
          *   When collecting the arguments of a subquery, the main placeholder
          *   object should be passed as this parameter.
+         *
          * @return
          *   An associative array of all placeholder arguments for this query.
          */
         public function getArguments(QueryPlaceholderInterface $queryPlaceholder = NULL);
         /* Query building operations */
         /**
          * Sets this query to be DISTINCT.
+         *
          * @param $distinct
          *   TRUE to flag this query DISTINCT, FALSE to disable it.
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function distinct($distinct = TRUE);
         /**
          * Adds a field to the list to be SELECTed.
+         *
          * @param $table_alias
          *   The name of the table from which the field comes, as an alias. Generally
          *   you will want to use the return value of join() here to ensure that it is
          *   valid.
          * @param $field
          *   The name of the field.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for this field. If not specified, one will be generated
          *   automatically based on the $table_alias and $field. The alias will be
          *   checked for uniqueness, so the requested alias may not be the alias
          *   that is assigned in all cases.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this field.
          */
         public function addField($table_alias, $field, $alias = NULL);
         /**
          * Add multiple fields from the same table to be SELECTed.
+         *
          * This method does not return the aliases set for the passed fields. In the
          * majority of cases that is not a problem, as the alias will be the field
          * name. However, if you do need to know the alias you can call getFields()
          * and examine the result to determine what alias was created. Alternatively,
          * simply use addField() for the few fields you care about and this method for
          * the rest.
+         *
          * @param $table_alias
          *   The name of the table from which the field comes, as an alias. Generally
          *   you will want to use the return value of join() here to ensure that it is
          *   valid.
          * @param $fields
          *   An indexed array of fields present in the specified table that should be
          *   included in this query. If not specified, $table_alias.* will be generated
          *   without any aliases.
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function fields($table_alias, array $fields = array());
         /**
          * Adds an expression to the list of "fields" to be SELECTed.
+         *
          * An expression can be any arbitrary string that is valid SQL. That includes
          * various functions, which may in some cases be database-dependent. This
          * method makes no effort to correct for database-specific functions.
+         *
          * @param $expression
          *   The expression string. May contain placeholders.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for this expression. If not specified, one will be generated
          *   automatically in the form "expression_#". The alias will be checked for
          *   uniqueness, so the requested alias may not be the alias that is assigned
          *   in all cases.
          * @param $arguments
          *   Any placeholder arguments needed for this expression.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this expression.
          */
         public function addExpression($expression, $alias = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Default Join against another table in the database.
+         *
          * This method is a convenience method for innerJoin().
+         *
          * @param $table
          *   The table against which to join.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for the table. In most cases this should be the first letter
          *   of the table, or the first letter of each "word" in the table.
          * @param $condition
          *   The condition on which to join this table. If the join requires values,
          *   this clause should use a named placeholder and the value or values to
          *   insert should be passed in the 4th parameter. For the first table joined
          *   on a query, this value is ignored as the first table is taken as the base
          *   table. The token %alias can be used in this string to be replaced with
          *   the actual alias. This is useful when $alias is modified by the database
          *   system, for example, when joining the same table more than once.
          * @param $arguments
          *   An array of arguments to replace into the $condition of this join.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this table.
          */
         public function join($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Inner Join against another table in the database.
+         *
          * @param $table
          *   The table against which to join.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for the table. In most cases this should be the first letter
          *   of the table, or the first letter of each "word" in the table.
          * @param $condition
          *   The condition on which to join this table. If the join requires values,
          *   this clause should use a named placeholder and the value or values to
          *   insert should be passed in the 4th parameter. For the first table joined
          *   on a query, this value is ignored as the first table is taken as the base
          *   table. The token %alias can be used in this string to be replaced with
          *   the actual alias. This is useful when $alias is modified by the database
          *   system, for example, when joining the same table more than once.
          * @param $arguments
          *   An array of arguments to replace into the $condition of this join.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this table.
          */
         public function innerJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Left Outer Join against another table in the database.
+         *
          * @param $table
          *   The table against which to join.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for the table. In most cases this should be the first letter
          *   of the table, or the first letter of each "word" in the table.
          * @param $condition
          *   The condition on which to join this table. If the join requires values,
          *   this clause should use a named placeholder and the value or values to
          *   insert should be passed in the 4th parameter. For the first table joined
          *   on a query, this value is ignored as the first table is taken as the base
          *   table. The token %alias can be used in this string to be replaced with
          *   the actual alias. This is useful when $alias is modified by the database
          *   system, for example, when joining the same table more than once.
          * @param $arguments
          *   An array of arguments to replace into the $condition of this join.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this table.
          */
         public function leftJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Right Outer Join against another table in the database.
+         *
          * @param $table
          *   The table against which to join.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for the table. In most cases this should be the first letter
          *   of the table, or the first letter of each "word" in the table.
          * @param $condition
          *   The condition on which to join this table. If the join requires values,
          *   this clause should use a named placeholder and the value or values to
          *   insert should be passed in the 4th parameter. For the first table joined
          *   on a query, this value is ignored as the first table is taken as the base
          *   table. The token %alias can be used in this string to be replaced with
          *   the actual alias. This is useful when $alias is modified by the database
          *   system, for example, when joining the same table more than once.
          * @param $arguments
          *   An array of arguments to replace into the $condition of this join.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this table.
          */
         public function rightJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Join against another table in the database.
+         *
          * This method does the "hard" work of queuing up a table to be joined against.
          * In some cases, that may include dipping into the Schema API to find the necessary
          * fields on which to join.
+         *
          * @param $type
          *   The type of join. Typically one one of INNER, LEFT OUTER, and RIGHT OUTER.
          * @param $table
          *   The table against which to join. May be a string or another SelectQuery
          *   object. If a query object is passed, it will be used as a subselect.
          * @param $alias
          *   The alias for the table. In most cases this should be the first letter
          *   of the table, or the first letter of each "word" in the table. If omitted,
          *   one will be dynamically generated.
          * @param $condition
          *   The condition on which to join this table. If the join requires values,
          *   this clause should use a named placeholder and the value or values to
          *   insert should be passed in the 4th parameter. For the first table joined
          *   on a query, this value is ignored as the first table is taken as the base
          *   table. The token %alias can be used in this string to be replaced with
          *   the actual alias. This is useful when $alias is modified by the database
          *   system, for example, when joining the same table more than once.
          * @param $arguments
          *   An array of arguments to replace into the $condition of this join.
          * @return
          *   The unique alias that was assigned for this table.
          */
         public function addJoin($type, $table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array());
         /**
          * Orders the result set by a given field.
+         *
          * If called multiple times, the query will order by each specified field in the
          * order this method is called.
+         *
          * If the query uses DISTINCT or GROUP BY conditions, fields or expressions
          * that are used for the order must be selected to be compatible with some
          * databases like PostgreSQL. The PostgreSQL driver can handle simple cases
          * automatically but it is suggested to explicitly specify them. Additionally,
          * when ordering on an alias, the alias must be added before orderBy() is
          * called.
+         *
          * @param $field
          *   The field on which to order.
          * @param $direction
          *   The direction to sort. Legal values are "ASC" and "DESC". Any other value
          *   will be converted to "ASC".
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function orderBy($field, $direction = 'ASC');
         /**
          * Orders the result set by a random value.
+         *
          * This may be stacked with other orderBy() calls. If so, the query will order
          * by each specified field, including this one, in the order called. Although
          * this method may be called multiple times on the same query, doing so
          * is not particularly useful.
+         *
          * Note: The method used by most drivers may not scale to very large result
          * sets. If you need to work with extremely large data sets, you may create
          * your own database driver by subclassing off of an existing driver and
          * implementing your own randomization mechanism. See
+         *
          * http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/mysql/order-by-rand/
+         *
          * for an example of such an alternate sorting mechanism.
+         *
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object
          */
         public function orderRandom();
         /**
          * Restricts a query to a given range in the result set.
+         *
          * If this method is called with no parameters, will remove any range
          * directives that have been set.
+         *
          * @param $start
          *   The first record from the result set to return. If NULL, removes any
          *   range directives that are set.
          * @param $length
          *   The number of records to return from the result set.
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function range($start = NULL, $length = NULL);
         /**
          * Add another Select query to UNION to this one.
+         *
          * Union queries consist of two or more queries whose
          * results are effectively concatenated together. Queries
          * will be UNIONed in the order they are specified, with
          * this object's query coming first. Duplicate columns will
          * be discarded. All forms of UNION are supported, using
          * the second '$type' argument.
+         *
          * Note: All queries UNIONed together must have the same
          * field structure, in the same order. It is up to the
          * caller to ensure that they match properly. If they do
          * not, an SQL syntax error will result.
+         *
          * @param $query
          *   The query to UNION to this query.
          * @param $type
          *   The type of UNION to add to the query. Defaults to plain
          *   UNION.
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function union(SelectQueryInterface $query, $type = '');
         /**
          * Groups the result set by the specified field.
+         *
          * @param $field
          *   The field on which to group. This should be the field as aliased.
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function groupBy($field);
         /**
          * Get the equivalent COUNT query of this query as a new query object.
+         *
          * @return SelectQueryInterface
          *   A new SelectQuery object with no fields or expressions besides COUNT(*).
          */
         public function countQuery();
         /**
          * Indicates if preExecute() has already been called on that object.
+         *
          * @return
          *   TRUE is this query has already been prepared, FALSE otherwise.
          */
         public function isPrepared();
         /**
          * Generic preparation and validation for a SELECT query.
+         *
          * @return
          *   TRUE if the validation was successful, FALSE if not.
          */
         public function preExecute(SelectQueryInterface $query = NULL);
         /**
          * Helper function to build most common HAVING conditional clauses.
+         *
          * This method can take a variable number of parameters. If called with two
          * parameters, they are taken as $field and $value with $operator having a value
          * of IN if $value is an array and = otherwise.
+         *
          * @param $field
          *   The name of the field to check. If you would like to add a more complex
          *   condition involving operators or functions, use having().
          * @param $value
          *   The value to test the field against. In most cases, this is a scalar. For more
          *   complex options, it is an array. The meaning of each element in the array is
          *   dependent on the $operator.
          * @param $operator
          *   The comparison operator, such as =, <, or >=. It also accepts more complex
          *   options such as IN, LIKE, or BETWEEN. Defaults to IN if $value is an array
          *   = otherwise.
          * @return QueryConditionInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function havingCondition($field, $value = NULL, $operator = NULL);
         /**
          * Clone magic method.
+         *
          * Select queries have dependent objects that must be deep-cloned.  The
          * connection object itself, however, should not be cloned as that would
          * duplicate the connection itself.
          */
         public function __clone();
         /**
          * Add FOR UPDATE to the query.
+         *
          * FOR UPDATE prevents the rows retrieved by the SELECT statement from being
          * modified or deleted by other transactions until the current transaction
          * ends. Other transactions that attempt UPDATE, DELETE, or SELECT FOR UPDATE
          * of these rows will be blocked until the current transaction ends.
+         *
          * @param $set
          *   IF TRUE, FOR UPDATE will be added to the query, if FALSE then it won't.
+         *
          * @return QueryConditionInterface
          *   The called object.
          */
         public function forUpdate($set = TRUE);
+      }
       /**
        * The base extender class for Select queries.
        */
       class SelectQueryExtender implements SelectQueryInterface {
         /**
          * The SelectQuery object we are extending/decorating.
+         *
          * @var SelectQueryInterface
          */
         protected $query;
         /**
          * The connection object on which to run this query.
+         *
          * @var DatabaseConnection
          */
         protected $connection;
         /**
          * A unique identifier for this query object.
          */
         protected $uniqueIdentifier;
         /**
          * The placeholder counter.
          */
         protected $placeholder = 0;
         public function __construct(SelectQueryInterface $query, DatabaseConnection $connection) {
           $this->uniqueIdentifier = uniqid('', TRUE);
           $this->query = $query;
           $this->connection = $connection;
+        }
         /**
          * Implements QueryPlaceholderInterface::uniqueIdentifier().
          */
         public function uniqueIdentifier() {
           return $this->uniqueIdentifier;
+        }
         /**
          * Implements QueryPlaceholderInterface::nextPlaceholder().
          */
         public function nextPlaceholder() {
           return $this->placeholder++;
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryAlterableInterface. */
         public function addTag($tag) {
           $this->query->addTag($tag);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function hasTag($tag) {
           return $this->query->hasTag($tag);
+        }
         public function hasAllTags() {
           $args = func_get_args();
           return call_user_func_array(array($this->query, 'hasAllTags'), $args);
+        }
         public function hasAnyTag() {
           $args = func_get_args();
           return call_user_func_array(array($this->query, 'hasAnyTag'), $args);
+        }
         public function addMetaData($key, $object) {
           $this->query->addMetaData($key, $object);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function getMetaData($key) {
           return $this->query->getMetaData($key);
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryConditionInterface for the WHERE clause. */
         public function condition($field, $value = NULL, $operator = NULL) {
           $this->query->condition($field, $value, $operator);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function &conditions() {
           return $this->query->conditions();
+        }
         public function arguments() {
           return $this->query->arguments();
+        }
         public function where($snippet, $args = array()) {
           $this->query->where($snippet, $args);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function compile(DatabaseConnection $connection, QueryPlaceholderInterface $queryPlaceholder) {
           return $this->query->compile($connection, $queryPlaceholder);
+        }
         public function compiled() {
           return $this->query->compiled();
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryConditionInterface for the HAVING clause. */
         public function havingCondition($field, $value = NULL, $operator = '=') {
           $this->query->havingCondition($field, $value, $operator);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function &havingConditions() {
           return $this->query->havingConditions();
+        }
         public function havingArguments() {
           return $this->query->havingArguments();
+        }
         public function having($snippet, $args = array()) {
           $this->query->having($snippet, $args);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function havingCompile(DatabaseConnection $connection) {
           return $this->query->havingCompile($connection);
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryExtendableInterface. */
         public function extend($extender_name) {
           // The extender can be anywhere so this needs to go to the registry, which
           // is surely loaded by now.
           $class = $this->connection->getDriverClass($extender_name, array(), TRUE);
           return new $class($this, $this->connection);
+        }
         /* Alter accessors to expose the query data to alter hooks. */
         public function &getFields() {
           return $this->query->getFields();
+        }
         public function &getExpressions() {
           return $this->query->getExpressions();
+        }
         public function &getOrderBy() {
           return $this->query->getOrderBy();
+        }
         public function &getGroupBy() {
           return $this->query->getGroupBy();
+        }
         public function &getTables() {
           return $this->query->getTables();
+        }
         public function &getUnion() {
           return $this->query->getUnion();
+        }
         public function getArguments(QueryPlaceholderInterface $queryPlaceholder = NULL) {
           return $this->query->getArguments($queryPlaceholder);
+        }
         public function isPrepared() {
           return $this->query->isPrepared();
+        }
         public function preExecute(SelectQueryInterface $query = NULL) {
           // If no query object is passed in, use $this.
           if (!isset($query)) {
             $query = $this;
+          }
           return $this->query->preExecute($query);
+        }
         public function execute() {
           // By calling preExecute() here, we force it to preprocess the extender
           // object rather than just the base query object.  That means
           // hook_query_alter() gets access to the extended object.
           if (!$this->preExecute($this)) {
             return NULL;
+          }
           return $this->query->execute();
+        }
         public function distinct($distinct = TRUE) {
           $this->query->distinct($distinct);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function addField($table_alias, $field, $alias = NULL) {
           return $this->query->addField($table_alias, $field, $alias);
+        }
         public function fields($table_alias, array $fields = array()) {
           $this->query->fields($table_alias, $fields);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function addExpression($expression, $alias = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->addExpression($expression, $alias, $arguments);
+        }
         public function join($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->join($table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function innerJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->innerJoin($table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function leftJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->leftJoin($table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function rightJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->rightJoin($table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function addJoin($type, $table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->query->addJoin($type, $table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function orderBy($field, $direction = 'ASC') {
           $this->query->orderBy($field, $direction);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function orderRandom() {
           $this->query->orderRandom();
           return $this;
+        }
         public function range($start = NULL, $length = NULL) {
           $this->query->range($start, $length);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function union(SelectQueryInterface $query, $type = '') {
           $this->query->union($query, $type);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function groupBy($field) {
           $this->query->groupBy($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function forUpdate($set = TRUE) {
           $this->query->forUpdate($set);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function countQuery() {
           return $this->query->countQuery();
+        }
         function isNull($field) {
           $this->query->isNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         function isNotNull($field) {
           $this->query->isNotNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function exists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->query->exists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function notExists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->query->notExists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function __toString() {
           return (string) $this->query;
+        }
         public function __clone() {
           $this->uniqueIdentifier = uniqid('', TRUE);
           // We need to deep-clone the query we're wrapping, which in turn may
           // deep-clone other objects.  Exciting!
           $this->query = clone($this->query);
+        }
         /**
          * Magic override for undefined methods.
+         *
          * If one extender extends another extender, then methods in the inner extender
          * will not be exposed on the outer extender.  That's because we cannot know
          * in advance what those methods will be, so we cannot provide wrapping
          * implementations as we do above.  Instead, we use this slower catch-all method
          * to handle any additional methods.
          */
         public function __call($method, $args) {
           $return = call_user_func_array(array($this->query, $method), $args);
           // Some methods will return the called object as part of a fluent interface.
           // Others will return some useful value.  If it's a value, then the caller
           // probably wants that value.  If it's the called object, then we instead
           // return this object.  That way we don't "lose" an extender layer when
           // chaining methods together.
           if ($return instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
             return $this;
+          }
           else {
             return $return;
+          }
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Query builder for SELECT statements.
        */
       class SelectQuery extends Query implements SelectQueryInterface {
         /**
          * The fields to SELECT.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $fields = array();
         /**
          * The expressions to SELECT as virtual fields.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $expressions = array();
         /**
          * The tables against which to JOIN.
+         *
          * This property is a nested array. Each entry is an array representing
          * a single table against which to join. The structure of each entry is:
+         *
          * array(
          *   'type' => $join_type (one of INNER, LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER),
          *   'table' => $table,
          *   'alias' => $alias_of_the_table,
          *   'condition' => $condition_clause_on_which_to_join,
          *   'arguments' => $array_of_arguments_for_placeholders_in_the condition.
          *   'all_fields' => TRUE to SELECT $alias.*, FALSE or NULL otherwise.
          * )
+         *
          * If $table is a string, it is taken as the name of a table. If it is
          * a SelectQuery object, it is taken as a subquery.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $tables = array();
         /**
          * The fields by which to order this query.
+         *
          * This is an associative array. The keys are the fields to order, and the value
          * is the direction to order, either ASC or DESC.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $order = array();
         /**
          * The fields by which to group.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $group = array();
         /**
          * The conditional object for the WHERE clause.
+         *
          * @var DatabaseCondition
          */
         protected $where;
         /**
          * The conditional object for the HAVING clause.
+         *
          * @var DatabaseCondition
          */
         protected $having;
         /**
          * Whether or not this query should be DISTINCT
+         *
          * @var boolean
          */
         protected $distinct = FALSE;
         /**
          * The range limiters for this query.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $range;
         /**
          * An array whose elements specify a query to UNION, and the UNION type. The
          * 'type' key may be '', 'ALL', or 'DISTINCT' to represent a 'UNION',
          * 'UNION ALL', or 'UNION DISTINCT' statement, respectively.
+         *
          * All entries in this array will be applied from front to back, with the
          * first query to union on the right of the original query, the second union
          * to the right of the first, etc.
+         *
          * @var array
          */
         protected $union = array();
         /**
          * Indicates if preExecute() has already been called.
          * @var boolean
          */
         protected $prepared = FALSE;
         /**
          * The FOR UPDATE status
          */
         protected $forUpdate = FALSE;
         public function __construct($table, $alias = NULL, DatabaseConnection $connection, $options = array()) {
           $options['return'] = Database::RETURN_STATEMENT;
           parent::__construct($connection, $options);
           $this->where = new DatabaseCondition('AND');
           $this->having = new DatabaseCondition('AND');
           $this->addJoin(NULL, $table, $alias);
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryAlterableInterface. */
         public function addTag($tag) {
           $this->alterTags[$tag] = 1;
           return $this;
+        }
         public function hasTag($tag) {
           return isset($this->alterTags[$tag]);
+        }
         public function hasAllTags() {
           $args = func_get_args();
           return !(boolean)array_diff($args, array_keys($this->alterTags));
+        }
         public function hasAnyTag() {
           $args = func_get_args();
           return (boolean)array_intersect($args, array_keys($this->alterTags));
+        }
         public function addMetaData($key, $object) {
           $this->alterMetaData[$key] = $object;
           return $this;
+        }
         public function getMetaData($key) {
           return isset($this->alterMetaData[$key]) ? $this->alterMetaData[$key] : NULL;
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryConditionInterface for the WHERE clause. */
         public function condition($field, $value = NULL, $operator = NULL) {
           $this->where->condition($field, $value, $operator);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function &conditions() {
           return $this->where->conditions();
+        }
         public function arguments() {
           if (!$this->compiled()) {
             return NULL;
+          }
           $args = $this->where->arguments() + $this->having->arguments();
           foreach ($this->tables as $table) {
             if ($table['arguments']) {
               $args += $table['arguments'];
+            }
             // If this table is a subquery, grab its arguments recursively.
             if ($table['table'] instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               $args += $table['table']->arguments();
+            }
+          }
           foreach ($this->expressions as $expression) {
             if ($expression['arguments']) {
               $args += $expression['arguments'];
+            }
+          }
           // If there are any dependent queries to UNION,
           // incorporate their arguments recursively.
           foreach ($this->union as $union) {
             $args += $union['query']->arguments();
+          }
           return $args;
+        }
         public function where($snippet, $args = array()) {
           $this->where->where($snippet, $args);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function isNull($field) {
           $this->where->isNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function isNotNull($field) {
           $this->where->isNotNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function exists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->where->exists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function notExists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->where->notExists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function compile(DatabaseConnection $connection, QueryPlaceholderInterface $queryPlaceholder) {
           $this->where->compile($connection, $queryPlaceholder);
           $this->having->compile($connection, $queryPlaceholder);
           foreach ($this->tables as $table) {
             // If this table is a subquery, compile it recursively.
             if ($table['table'] instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               $table['table']->compile($connection, $queryPlaceholder);
+            }
+          }
           // If there are any dependent queries to UNION, compile it recursively.
           foreach ($this->union as $union) {
             $union['query']->compile($connection, $queryPlaceholder);
+          }
+        }
         public function compiled() {
           if (!$this->where->compiled() || !$this->having->compiled()) {
             return FALSE;
+          }
           foreach ($this->tables as $table) {
             // If this table is a subquery, check its status recursively.
             if ($table['table'] instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               if (!$table['table']->compiled()) {
                 return FALSE;
+              }
+            }
+          }
           foreach ($this->union as $union) {
             if (!$union['query']->compiled()) {
               return FALSE;
+            }
+          }
           return TRUE;
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryConditionInterface for the HAVING clause. */
         public function havingCondition($field, $value = NULL, $operator = NULL) {
           $this->having->condition($field, $value, $operator);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function &havingConditions() {
           return $this->having->conditions();
+        }
         public function havingArguments() {
           return $this->having->arguments();
+        }
         public function having($snippet, $args = array()) {
           $this->having->where($snippet, $args);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function havingCompile(DatabaseConnection $connection) {
           return $this->having->compile($connection, $this);
+        }
         /* Implementations of QueryExtendableInterface. */
         public function extend($extender_name) {
           $override_class = $extender_name . '_' . $this->connection->driver();
           if (class_exists($override_class)) {
             $extender_name = $override_class;
+          }
           return new $extender_name($this, $this->connection);
+        }
         public function havingIsNull($field) {
           $this->having->isNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function havingIsNotNull($field) {
           $this->having->isNotNull($field);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function havingExists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->having->exists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function havingNotExists(SelectQueryInterface $select) {
           $this->having->notExists($select);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function forUpdate($set = TRUE) {
           if (isset($set)) {
             $this->forUpdate = $set;
+          }
           return $this;
+        }
         /* Alter accessors to expose the query data to alter hooks. */
         public function &getFields() {
           return $this->fields;
+        }
         public function &getExpressions() {
           return $this->expressions;
+        }
         public function &getOrderBy() {
           return $this->order;
+        }
         public function &getGroupBy() {
           return $this->group;
+        }
         public function &getTables() {
           return $this->tables;
+        }
         public function &getUnion() {
           return $this->union;
+        }
         public function getArguments(QueryPlaceholderInterface $queryPlaceholder = NULL) {
           if (!isset($queryPlaceholder)) {
             $queryPlaceholder = $this;
+          }
           $this->compile($this->connection, $queryPlaceholder);
           return $this->arguments();
+        }
         /**
          * Indicates if preExecute() has already been called on that object.
          */
         public function isPrepared() {
           return $this->prepared;
+        }
         /**
          * Generic preparation and validation for a SELECT query.
+         *
          * @return
          *   TRUE if the validation was successful, FALSE if not.
          */
         public function preExecute(SelectQueryInterface $query = NULL) {
           // If no query object is passed in, use $this.
           if (!isset($query)) {
             $query = $this;
+          }
           // Only execute this once.
           if ($query->isPrepared()) {
             return TRUE;
+          }
           // Modules may alter all queries or only those having a particular tag.
           if (isset($this->alterTags)) {
             // Many contrib modules assume that query tags used for access-checking
             // purposes follow the pattern $entity_type . '_access'. But this is
             // not the case for taxonomy terms, since core used to add term_access
             // instead of taxonomy_term_access to its queries. Provide backwards
             // compatibility by adding both tags here instead of attempting to fix
             // all contrib modules in a coordinated effort.
             // TODO:
             // - Extract this mechanism into a hook as part of a public (non-security)
             //   issue.
             // - Emit E_USER_DEPRECATED if term_access is used.
             //   https://www.drupal.org/node/2575081
             $term_access_tags = array('term_access' => 1, 'taxonomy_term_access' => 1);
             if (array_intersect_key($this->alterTags, $term_access_tags)) {
               $this->alterTags += $term_access_tags;
+            }
             $hooks = array('query');
             foreach ($this->alterTags as $tag => $value) {
               $hooks[] = 'query_' . $tag;
+            }
             drupal_alter($hooks, $query);
+          }
           $this->prepared = TRUE;
           // Now also prepare any sub-queries.
           foreach ($this->tables as $table) {
             if ($table['table'] instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               $table['table']->preExecute();
+            }
+          }
           foreach ($this->union as $union) {
             $union['query']->preExecute();
+          }
           return $this->prepared;
+        }
         public function execute() {
           // If validation fails, simply return NULL.
           // Note that validation routines in preExecute() may throw exceptions instead.
           if (!$this->preExecute()) {
             return NULL;
+          }
           $args = $this->getArguments();
           return $this->connection->query((string) $this, $args, $this->queryOptions);
+        }
         public function distinct($distinct = TRUE) {
           $this->distinct = $distinct;
           return $this;
+        }
         public function addField($table_alias, $field, $alias = NULL) {
           // If no alias is specified, first try the field name itself.
           if (empty($alias)) {
             $alias = $field;
+          }
           // If that's already in use, try the table name and field name.
           if (!empty($this->fields[$alias])) {
             $alias = $table_alias . '_' . $field;
+          }
           // If that is already used, just add a counter until we find an unused alias.
           $alias_candidate = $alias;
           $count = 2;
           while (!empty($this->fields[$alias_candidate])) {
             $alias_candidate = $alias . '_' . $count++;
+          }
           $alias = $alias_candidate;
           $this->fields[$alias] = array(
             'field' => $field,
             'table' => $table_alias,
             'alias' => $alias,
           );
           return $alias;
+        }
         public function fields($table_alias, array $fields = array()) {
           if ($fields) {
             foreach ($fields as $field) {
               // We don't care what alias was assigned.
               $this->addField($table_alias, $field);
+            }
+          }
           else {
             // We want all fields from this table.
             $this->tables[$table_alias]['all_fields'] = TRUE;
+          }
           return $this;
+        }
         public function addExpression($expression, $alias = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           if (empty($alias)) {
             $alias = 'expression';
+          }
           $alias_candidate = $alias;
           $count = 2;
           while (!empty($this->expressions[$alias_candidate])) {
             $alias_candidate = $alias . '_' . $count++;
+          }
           $alias = $alias_candidate;
           $this->expressions[$alias] = array(
             'expression' => $expression,
             'alias' => $alias,
             'arguments' => $arguments,
           );
           return $alias;
+        }
         public function join($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->addJoin('INNER', $table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function innerJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->addJoin('INNER', $table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function leftJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->addJoin('LEFT OUTER', $table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function rightJoin($table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           return $this->addJoin('RIGHT OUTER', $table, $alias, $condition, $arguments);
+        }
         public function addJoin($type, $table, $alias = NULL, $condition = NULL, $arguments = array()) {
           if (empty($alias)) {
             if ($table instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               $alias = 'subquery';
+            }
             else {
               $alias = $table;
+            }
+          }
           $alias_candidate = $alias;
           $count = 2;
           while (!empty($this->tables[$alias_candidate])) {
             $alias_candidate = $alias . '_' . $count++;
+          }
           $alias = $alias_candidate;
           if (is_string($condition)) {
             $condition = str_replace('%alias', $alias, $condition);
+          }
           $this->tables[$alias] = array(
             'join type' => $type,
             'table' => $table,
             'alias' => $alias,
             'condition' => $condition,
             'arguments' => $arguments,
           );
           return $alias;
+        }
         public function orderBy($field, $direction = 'ASC') {
           // Only allow ASC and DESC, default to ASC.
           $direction = strtoupper($direction) == 'DESC' ? 'DESC' : 'ASC';
           $this->order[$field] = $direction;
           return $this;
+        }
         public function orderRandom() {
           $alias = $this->addExpression('RAND()', 'random_field');
           $this->orderBy($alias);
           return $this;
+        }
         public function range($start = NULL, $length = NULL) {
           $this->range = func_num_args() ? array('start' => $start, 'length' => $length) : array();
           return $this;
+        }
         public function union(SelectQueryInterface $query, $type = '') {
           // Handle UNION aliasing.
           switch ($type) {
             // Fold UNION DISTINCT to UNION for better cross database support.
             case 'DISTINCT':
             case '':
               $type = 'UNION';
               break;
             case 'ALL':
               $type = 'UNION ALL';
             default:
+          }
           $this->union[] = array(
             'type' => $type,
             'query' => $query,
           );
           return $this;
+        }
         public function groupBy($field) {
           $this->group[$field] = $field;
           return $this;
+        }
         public function countQuery() {
           // Create our new query object that we will mutate into a count query.
           $count = clone($this);
           $group_by = $count->getGroupBy();
           $having = $count->havingConditions();
           if (!$count->distinct && !isset($having[0])) {
             // When not executing a distinct query, we can zero-out existing fields
             // and expressions that are not used by a GROUP BY or HAVING. Fields
             // listed in a GROUP BY or HAVING clause need to be present in the
             // query.
             $fields =& $count->getFields();
             foreach (array_keys($fields) as $field) {
               if (empty($group_by[$field])) {
                 unset($fields[$field]);
+              }
+            }
             $expressions =& $count->getExpressions();
             foreach (array_keys($expressions) as $field) {
               if (empty($group_by[$field])) {
                 unset($expressions[$field]);
+              }
+            }
             // Also remove 'all_fields' statements, which are expanded into tablename.*
             // when the query is executed.
             foreach ($count->tables as $alias => &$table) {
               unset($table['all_fields']);
+            }
+          }
           // If we've just removed all fields from the query, make sure there is at
           // least one so that the query still runs.
           $count->addExpression('1');
           // Ordering a count query is a waste of cycles, and breaks on some
           // databases anyway.
           $orders = &$count->getOrderBy();
           $orders = array();
           if ($count->distinct && !empty($group_by)) {
             // If the query is distinct and contains a GROUP BY, we need to remove the
             // distinct because SQL99 does not support counting on distinct multiple fields.
             $count->distinct = FALSE;
+          }
           $query = $this->connection->select($count);
           $query->addExpression('COUNT(*)');
           return $query;
+        }
         public function __toString() {
           // For convenience, we compile the query ourselves if the caller forgot
           // to do it. This allows constructs like "(string) $query" to work. When
           // the query will be executed, it will be recompiled using the proper
           // placeholder generator anyway.
           if (!$this->compiled()) {
             $this->compile($this->connection, $this);
+          }
           // Create a sanitized comment string to prepend to the query.
           $comments = $this->connection->makeComment($this->comments);
           // SELECT
           $query = $comments . 'SELECT ';
           if ($this->distinct) {
             $query .= 'DISTINCT ';
+          }
           // FIELDS and EXPRESSIONS
           $fields = array();
           foreach ($this->tables as $alias => $table) {
             if (!empty($table['all_fields'])) {
               $fields[] = $this->connection->escapeTable($alias) . '.*';
+            }
+          }
           foreach ($this->fields as $alias => $field) {
             // Always use the AS keyword for field aliases, as some
             // databases require it (e.g., PostgreSQL).
             $fields[] = (isset($field['table']) ? $this->connection->escapeTable($field['table']) . '.' : '') . $this->connection->escapeField($field['field']) . ' AS ' . $this->connection->escapeAlias($field['alias']);
+          }
           foreach ($this->expressions as $alias => $expression) {
             $fields[] = $expression['expression'] . ' AS ' . $this->connection->escapeAlias($expression['alias']);
+          }
           $query .= implode(', ', $fields);
           // FROM - We presume all queries have a FROM, as any query that doesn't won't need the query builder anyway.
           $query .= "\nFROM ";
           foreach ($this->tables as $alias => $table) {
             $query .= "\n";
             if (isset($table['join type'])) {
               $query .= $table['join type'] . ' JOIN ';
+            }
             // If the table is a subquery, compile it and integrate it into this query.
             if ($table['table'] instanceof SelectQueryInterface) {
               // Run preparation steps on this sub-query before converting to string.
               $subquery = $table['table'];
               $subquery->preExecute();
               $table_string = '(' . (string) $subquery . ')';
+            }
             else {
               $table_string = '{' . $this->connection->escapeTable($table['table']) . '}';
+            }
             // Don't use the AS keyword for table aliases, as some
             // databases don't support it (e.g., Oracle).
             $query .=  $table_string . ' ' . $this->connection->escapeTable($table['alias']);
             if (!empty($table['condition'])) {
               $query .= ' ON ' . $table['condition'];
+            }
+          }
           // WHERE
           if (count($this->where)) {
             // There is an implicit string cast on $this->condition.
             $query .= "\nWHERE " . $this->where;
+          }
           // GROUP BY
           if ($this->group) {
             $query .= "\nGROUP BY " . implode(', ', $this->group);
+          }
           // HAVING
           if (count($this->having)) {
             // There is an implicit string cast on $this->having.
             $query .= "\nHAVING " . $this->having;
+          }
           // ORDER BY
           if ($this->order) {
             $query .= "\nORDER BY ";
             $fields = array();
             foreach ($this->order as $field => $direction) {
               $fields[] = $field . ' ' . $direction;
+            }
             $query .= implode(', ', $fields);
+          }
           // RANGE
           // There is no universal SQL standard for handling range or limit clauses.
           // Fortunately, all core-supported databases use the same range syntax.
           // Databases that need a different syntax can override this method and
           // do whatever alternate logic they need to.
           if (!empty($this->range)) {
             $query .= "\nLIMIT " . (int) $this->range['length'] . " OFFSET " . (int) $this->range['start'];
+          }
           // UNION is a little odd, as the select queries to combine are passed into
           // this query, but syntactically they all end up on the same level.
           if ($this->union) {
             foreach ($this->union as $union) {
               $query .= ' ' . $union['type'] . ' ' . (string) $union['query'];
+            }
+          }
           if ($this->forUpdate) {
             $query .= ' FOR UPDATE';
+          }
           return $query;
+        }
         public function __clone() {
           // On cloning, also clone the dependent objects. However, we do not
           // want to clone the database connection object as that would duplicate the
           // connection itself.
           $this->where = clone($this->where);
           $this->having = clone($this->having);
           foreach ($this->union as $key => $aggregate) {
             $this->union[$key]['query'] = clone($aggregate['query']);
+          }
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * @} End of "addtogroup database".
        */

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root / drupal7 / includes / database / select.inc @ 6ae446a4