/drupal7/includes/file.inc - Club Drupal - Forge Centrale Marseille

root / drupal7 / includes / file.inc @ b0dc3a2e

       <?php
       /**
        * @file
        * API for handling file uploads and server file management.
        */
       /**
        * Manually include stream wrapper code.
+       *
        * Stream wrapper code is included here because there are cases where
        * File API is needed before a bootstrap, or in an alternate order (e.g.
        * maintenance theme).
        */
       require_once DRUPAL_ROOT . '/includes/stream_wrappers.inc';
       /**
        * @defgroup file File interface
        * @{
        * Common file handling functions.
+       *
        * Fields on the file object:
        * - fid: File ID
        * - uid: The {users}.uid of the user who is associated with the file.
        * - filename: Name of the file with no path components. This may differ from
        *   the basename of the filepath if the file is renamed to avoid overwriting
        *   an existing file.
        * - uri: URI of the file.
        * - filemime: The file's MIME type.
        * - filesize: The size of the file in bytes.
        * - status: A bitmapped field indicating the status of the file. The first 8
        *   bits are reserved for Drupal core. The least significant bit indicates
        *   temporary (0) or permanent (1). Temporary files older than
        *   DRUPAL_MAXIMUM_TEMP_FILE_AGE will be removed during cron runs.
        * - timestamp: UNIX timestamp for the date the file was added to the database.
        */
       /**
        * Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- create directory if not present.
        */
       define('FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY', 1);
       /**
        * Flag used by file_prepare_directory() -- file permissions may be changed.
        */
       define('FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS', 2);
       /**
        * Flag for dealing with existing files: Appends number until name is unique.
        */
       define('FILE_EXISTS_RENAME', 0);
       /**
        * Flag for dealing with existing files: Replace the existing file.
        */
       define('FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE', 1);
       /**
        * Flag for dealing with existing files: Do nothing and return FALSE.
        */
       define('FILE_EXISTS_ERROR', 2);
       /**
        * Indicates that the file is permanent and should not be deleted.
+       *
        * Temporary files older than DRUPAL_MAXIMUM_TEMP_FILE_AGE will be removed
        * during cron runs, but permanent files will not be removed during the file
        * garbage collection process.
        */
       define('FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT', 1);
       /**
        * Provides Drupal stream wrapper registry.
+       *
        * A stream wrapper is an abstraction of a file system that allows Drupal to
        * use the same set of methods to access both local files and remote resources.
+       *
        * Provide a facility for managing and querying user-defined stream wrappers
        * in PHP. PHP's internal stream_get_wrappers() doesn't return the class
        * registered to handle a stream, which we need to be able to find the handler
        * for class instantiation.
+       *
        * If a module registers a scheme that is already registered with PHP, the
        * existing scheme will be unregistered and replaced with the specified class.
+       *
        * A stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * The optional $filter parameter can be used to retrieve only the stream
        * wrappers that are appropriate for particular usage. For example, this returns
        * only stream wrappers that use local file storage:
        * @code
        *   $local_stream_wrappers = file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL);
        * @endcode
+       *
        * The $filter parameter can only filter to types containing a particular flag.
        * In some cases, you may want to filter to types that do not contain a
        * particular flag. For example, you may want to retrieve all stream wrappers
        * that are not writable, or all stream wrappers that are not local. PHP's
        * array_diff_key() function can be used to help with this. For example, this
        * returns only stream wrappers that do not use local file storage:
        * @code
        *   $remote_stream_wrappers = array_diff_key(file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL), file_get_stream_wrappers(STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL));
        * @endcode
+       *
        * @param $filter
        *   (Optional) Filters out all types except those with an on bit for each on
        *   bit in $filter. For example, if $filter is STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE,
        *   which is equal to (STREAM_WRAPPERS_READ | STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE |
        *   STREAM_WRAPPERS_VISIBLE), then only stream wrappers with all three of these
        *   bits set are returned. Defaults to STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL, which returns all
        *   registered stream wrappers.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array keyed by scheme, with values containing an array of information
        *   about the stream wrapper, as returned by hook_stream_wrappers(). If $filter
        *   is omitted or set to STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL, the entire Drupal stream wrapper
        *   registry is returned. Otherwise only the stream wrappers whose 'type'
        *   bitmask has an on bit for each bit specified in $filter are returned.
+       *
        * @see hook_stream_wrappers()
        * @see hook_stream_wrappers_alter()
        */
       function file_get_stream_wrappers($filter = STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL) {
         $wrappers_storage = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__);
         if (!isset($wrappers_storage)) {
           $wrappers = module_invoke_all('stream_wrappers');
           foreach ($wrappers as $scheme => $info) {
             // Add defaults.
             $wrappers[$scheme] += array('type' => STREAM_WRAPPERS_NORMAL);
+          }
           drupal_alter('stream_wrappers', $wrappers);
           $existing = stream_get_wrappers();
           foreach ($wrappers as $scheme => $info) {
             // We only register classes that implement our interface.
             if (in_array('DrupalStreamWrapperInterface', class_implements($info['class']), TRUE)) {
               // Record whether we are overriding an existing scheme.
               if (in_array($scheme, $existing, TRUE)) {
                 $wrappers[$scheme]['override'] = TRUE;
                 stream_wrapper_unregister($scheme);
+              }
               else {
                 $wrappers[$scheme]['override'] = FALSE;
+              }
               if (($info['type'] & STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL) == STREAM_WRAPPERS_LOCAL) {
                 stream_wrapper_register($scheme, $info['class']);
+              }
               else {
                 stream_wrapper_register($scheme, $info['class'], STREAM_IS_URL);
+              }
+            }
             // Pre-populate the static cache with the filters most typically used.
             $wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL][$scheme] = $wrappers[$scheme];
             if (($info['type'] & STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE) == STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE) {
               $wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_WRITE_VISIBLE][$scheme] = $wrappers[$scheme];
+            }
+          }
+        }
         if (!isset($wrappers_storage[$filter])) {
           $wrappers_storage[$filter] = array();
           foreach ($wrappers_storage[STREAM_WRAPPERS_ALL] as $scheme => $info) {
             // Bit-wise filter.
             if (($info['type'] & $filter) == $filter) {
               $wrappers_storage[$filter][$scheme] = $info;
+            }
+          }
+        }
         return $wrappers_storage[$filter];
+      }
       /**
        * Returns the stream wrapper class name for a given scheme.
+       *
        * @param $scheme
        *   Stream scheme.
+       *
        * @return
        *   Return string if a scheme has a registered handler, or FALSE.
        */
       function file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme) {
         $wrappers = file_get_stream_wrappers();
         return empty($wrappers[$scheme]) ? FALSE : $wrappers[$scheme]['class'];
+      }
       /**
        * Returns the scheme of a URI (e.g. a stream).
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string containing the name of the scheme, or FALSE if none. For example,
        *   the URI "public://example.txt" would return "public".
+       *
        * @see file_uri_target()
        */
       function file_uri_scheme($uri) {
         $position = strpos($uri, '://');
         return $position ? substr($uri, 0, $position) : FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the scheme of a stream URI is valid.
+       *
        * Confirms that there is a registered stream handler for the provided scheme
        * and that it is callable. This is useful if you want to confirm a valid
        * scheme without creating a new instance of the registered handler.
+       *
        * @param $scheme
        *   A URI scheme, a stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * @return
        *   Returns TRUE if the string is the name of a validated stream,
        *   or FALSE if the scheme does not have a registered handler.
        */
       function file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) {
         // Does the scheme have a registered handler that is callable?
         $class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
         if (class_exists($class)) {
           return TRUE;
+        }
         else {
           return FALSE;
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Returns the part of a URI after the schema.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string containing the target (path), or FALSE if none.
        *   For example, the URI "public://sample/test.txt" would return
        *   "sample/test.txt".
+       *
        * @see file_uri_scheme()
        */
       function file_uri_target($uri) {
         $data = explode('://', $uri, 2);
         // Remove erroneous leading or trailing, forward-slashes and backslashes.
         return count($data) == 2 ? trim($data[1], '\/') : FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Gets the default file stream implementation.
+       *
        * @return
        *   'public', 'private' or any other file scheme defined as the default.
        */
       function file_default_scheme() {
         return variable_get('file_default_scheme', 'public');
+      }
       /**
        * Normalizes a URI by making it syntactically correct.
+       *
        * A stream is referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * The following actions are taken:
        * - Remove trailing slashes from target
        * - Trim erroneous leading slashes from target. e.g. ":///" becomes "://".
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   String reference containing the URI to normalize.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The normalized URI.
        */
       function file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri) {
         // Inline file_uri_scheme() function call for performance reasons.
         $position = strpos($uri, '://');
         $scheme = $position ? substr($uri, 0, $position) : FALSE;
         if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
           $target = file_uri_target($uri);
           if ($target !== FALSE) {
             $uri = $scheme . '://' . $target;
+          }
+        }
         return $uri;
+      }
       /**
        * Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a given URI.
+       *
        * The scheme determines the stream wrapper class that should be
        * used by consulting the stream wrapper registry.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A stream, referenced as "scheme://target".
+       *
        * @return
        *   Returns a new stream wrapper object appropriate for the given URI or FALSE
        *   if no registered handler could be found. For example, a URI of
        *   "private://example.txt" would return a new private stream wrapper object
        *   (DrupalPrivateStreamWrapper).
        */
       function file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri) {
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         $class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
         if (class_exists($class)) {
           $instance = new $class();
           $instance->setUri($uri);
           return $instance;
+        }
         else {
           return FALSE;
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Returns a reference to the stream wrapper class responsible for a scheme.
+       *
        * This helper method returns a stream instance using a scheme. That is, the
        * passed string does not contain a "://". For example, "public" is a scheme
        * but "public://" is a URI (stream). This is because the later contains both
        * a scheme and target despite target being empty.
+       *
        * Note: the instance URI will be initialized to "scheme://" so that you can
        * make the customary method calls as if you had retrieved an instance by URI.
+       *
        * @param $scheme
        *   If the stream was "public://target", "public" would be the scheme.
+       *
        * @return
        *   Returns a new stream wrapper object appropriate for the given $scheme.
        *   For example, for the public scheme a stream wrapper object
        *   (DrupalPublicStreamWrapper).
        *   FALSE is returned if no registered handler could be found.
        */
       function file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme) {
         $class = file_stream_wrapper_get_class($scheme);
         if (class_exists($class)) {
           $instance = new $class();
           $instance->setUri($scheme . '://');
           return $instance;
+        }
         else {
           return FALSE;
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a web-accessible URL for a stream to an external or local file.
+       *
        * Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
+       *
        * There are two kinds of local files:
        * - "managed files", i.e. those stored by a Drupal-compatible stream wrapper.
        *   These are files that have either been uploaded by users or were generated
        *   automatically (for example through CSS aggregation).
        * - "shipped files", i.e. those outside of the files directory, which ship as
        *   part of Drupal core or contributed modules or themes.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   The URI to a file for which we need an external URL, or the path to a
        *   shipped file.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string containing a URL that may be used to access the file.
        *   If the provided string already contains a preceding 'http', 'https', or
        *   '/', nothing is done and the same string is returned. If a stream wrapper
        *   could not be found to generate an external URL, then FALSE is returned.
+       *
        * @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
        */
       function file_create_url($uri) {
         // Allow the URI to be altered, e.g. to serve a file from a CDN or static
         // file server.
         drupal_alter('file_url', $uri);
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         if (!$scheme) {
           // Allow for:
           // - root-relative URIs (e.g. /foo.jpg in http://example.com/foo.jpg)
           // - protocol-relative URIs (e.g. //bar.jpg, which is expanded to
           //   http://example.com/bar.jpg by the browser when viewing a page over
           //   HTTP and to https://example.com/bar.jpg when viewing a HTTPS page)
           // Both types of relative URIs are characterized by a leading slash, hence
           // we can use a single check.
           if (drupal_substr($uri, 0, 1) == '/') {
             return $uri;
+          }
           else {
             // If this is not a properly formatted stream, then it is a shipped file.
             // Therefore, return the urlencoded URI with the base URL prepended.
             return $GLOBALS['base_url'] . '/' . drupal_encode_path($uri);
+          }
+        }
         elseif ($scheme == 'http' || $scheme == 'https') {
           // Check for HTTP so that we don't have to implement getExternalUrl() for
           // the HTTP wrapper.
           return $uri;
+        }
         else {
           // Attempt to return an external URL using the appropriate wrapper.
           if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
             return $wrapper->getExternalUrl();
+          }
           else {
             return FALSE;
+          }
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the directory exists and is writable.
+       *
        * Directories need to have execute permissions to be considered a directory by
        * FTP servers, etc.
+       *
        * @param $directory
        *   A string reference containing the name of a directory path or URI. A
        *   trailing slash will be trimmed from a path.
        * @param $options
        *   A bitmask to indicate if the directory should be created if it does
        *   not exist (FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY) or made writable if it is read-only
        *   (FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS).
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE if the directory exists (or was created) and is writable. FALSE
        *   otherwise.
        */
       function file_prepare_directory(&$directory, $options = FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS) {
         if (!file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme(file_uri_scheme($directory))) {
           // Only trim if we're not dealing with a stream.
           $directory = rtrim($directory, '/\\');
+        }
         // Check if directory exists.
         if (!is_dir($directory)) {
           // Let mkdir() recursively create directories and use the default directory
           // permissions.
           if (($options & FILE_CREATE_DIRECTORY) && @drupal_mkdir($directory, NULL, TRUE)) {
             return drupal_chmod($directory);
+          }
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // The directory exists, so check to see if it is writable.
         $writable = is_writable($directory);
         if (!$writable && ($options & FILE_MODIFY_PERMISSIONS)) {
           return drupal_chmod($directory);
+        }
         return $writable;
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a .htaccess file in each Drupal files directory if it is missing.
        */
       function file_ensure_htaccess() {
         file_create_htaccess('public://', FALSE);
         if (variable_get('file_private_path', FALSE)) {
           file_create_htaccess('private://', TRUE);
+        }
         file_create_htaccess('temporary://', TRUE);
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a .htaccess file in the given directory.
+       *
        * @param $directory
        *   The directory.
        * @param $private
        *   FALSE indicates that $directory should be an open and public directory.
        *   The default is TRUE which indicates a private and protected directory.
        * @param $force_overwrite
        *   Set to TRUE to attempt to overwrite the existing .htaccess file if one is
        *   already present. Defaults to FALSE.
        */
       function file_create_htaccess($directory, $private = TRUE, $force_overwrite = FALSE) {
         if (file_uri_scheme($directory)) {
           $directory = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($directory);
+        }
         else {
           $directory = rtrim($directory, '/\\');
+        }
         $htaccess_path =  $directory . '/.htaccess';
         if (file_exists($htaccess_path) && !$force_overwrite) {
           // Short circuit if the .htaccess file already exists.
           return;
+        }
         $htaccess_lines = file_htaccess_lines($private);
         // Write the .htaccess file.
         if (file_put_contents($htaccess_path, $htaccess_lines)) {
           drupal_chmod($htaccess_path, 0444);
+        }
         else {
           $variables = array('%directory' => $directory, '!htaccess' => '<br />' . nl2br(check_plain($htaccess_lines)));
           watchdog('security', "Security warning: Couldn't write .htaccess file. Please create a .htaccess file in your %directory directory which contains the following lines: <code>!htaccess</code>", $variables, WATCHDOG_ERROR);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Returns the standard .htaccess lines that Drupal writes to file directories.
+       *
        * @param $private
        *   (Optional) Set to FALSE to return the .htaccess lines for an open and
        *   public directory. The default is TRUE, which returns the .htaccess lines
        *   for a private and protected directory.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string representing the desired contents of the .htaccess file.
+       *
        * @see file_create_htaccess()
        */
       function file_htaccess_lines($private = TRUE) {
         $lines = <<<EOF
       # Turn off all options we don't need.
       Options None
       Options +FollowSymLinks
       # Set the catch-all handler to prevent scripts from being executed.
       SetHandler Drupal_Security_Do_Not_Remove_See_SA_2006_006
       <Files *>
         # Override the handler again if we're run later in the evaluation list.
         SetHandler Drupal_Security_Do_Not_Remove_See_SA_2013_003
       </Files>
       # If we know how to do it safely, disable the PHP engine entirely.
       <IfModule mod_php5.c>
         php_flag engine off
       </IfModule>
       EOF;
         if ($private) {
           $lines = "Deny from all\n\n" . $lines;
+        }
         return $lines;
+      }
       /**
        * Loads file objects from the database.
+       *
        * @param $fids
        *   An array of file IDs.
        * @param $conditions
        *   (deprecated) An associative array of conditions on the {file_managed}
        *   table, where the keys are the database fields and the values are the
        *   values those fields must have. Instead, it is preferable to use
        *   EntityFieldQuery to retrieve a list of entity IDs loadable by
        *   this function.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array of file objects, indexed by fid.
+       *
        * @todo Remove $conditions in Drupal 8.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_load()
        * @see file_load()
        * @see entity_load()
        * @see EntityFieldQuery
        */
       function file_load_multiple($fids = array(), $conditions = array()) {
         return entity_load('file', $fids, $conditions);
+      }
       /**
        * Loads a single file object from the database.
+       *
        * @param $fid
        *   A file ID.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An object representing the file, or FALSE if the file was not found.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_load()
        * @see file_load_multiple()
        */
       function file_load($fid) {
         $files = file_load_multiple(array($fid), array());
         return reset($files);
+      }
       /**
        * Saves a file object to the database.
+       *
        * If the $file->fid is not set a new record will be added.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object returned by file_load().
+       *
        * @return
        *   The updated file object.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_insert()
        * @see hook_file_update()
        */
       function file_save(stdClass $file) {
         $file->timestamp = REQUEST_TIME;
         $file->filesize = filesize($file->uri);
         // Load the stored entity, if any.
         if (!empty($file->fid) && !isset($file->original)) {
           $file->original = entity_load_unchanged('file', $file->fid);
+        }
         module_invoke_all('file_presave', $file);
         module_invoke_all('entity_presave', $file, 'file');
         if (empty($file->fid)) {
           drupal_write_record('file_managed', $file);
           // Inform modules about the newly added file.
           module_invoke_all('file_insert', $file);
           module_invoke_all('entity_insert', $file, 'file');
+        }
         else {
           drupal_write_record('file_managed', $file, 'fid');
           // Inform modules that the file has been updated.
           module_invoke_all('file_update', $file);
           module_invoke_all('entity_update', $file, 'file');
+        }
         // Clear internal properties.
         unset($file->original);
         // Clear the static loading cache.
         entity_get_controller('file')->resetCache(array($file->fid));
         return $file;
+      }
       /**
        * Determines where a file is used.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A nested array with usage data. The first level is keyed by module name,
        *   the second by object type and the third by the object id. The value
        *   of the third level contains the usage count.
+       *
        * @see file_usage_add()
        * @see file_usage_delete()
        */
       function file_usage_list(stdClass $file) {
         $result = db_select('file_usage', 'f')
           ->fields('f', array('module', 'type', 'id', 'count'))
           ->condition('fid', $file->fid)
           ->condition('count', 0, '>')
           ->execute();
         $references = array();
         foreach ($result as $usage) {
           $references[$usage->module][$usage->type][$usage->id] = $usage->count;
+        }
         return $references;
+      }
       /**
        * Records that a module is using a file.
+       *
        * This usage information will be queried during file_delete() to ensure that
        * a file is not in use before it is physically removed from disk.
+       *
        * Examples:
        * - A module that associates files with nodes, so $type would be
        *   'node' and $id would be the node's nid. Files for all revisions are stored
        *   within a single nid.
        * - The User module associates an image with a user, so $type would be 'user'
        *   and the $id would be the user's uid.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object.
        * @param $module
        *   The name of the module using the file.
        * @param $type
        *   The type of the object that contains the referenced file.
        * @param $id
        *   The unique, numeric ID of the object containing the referenced file.
        * @param $count
        *   (optional) The number of references to add to the object. Defaults to 1.
+       *
        * @see file_usage_list()
        * @see file_usage_delete()
        */
       function file_usage_add(stdClass $file, $module, $type, $id, $count = 1) {
         db_merge('file_usage')
           ->key(array(
             'fid' => $file->fid,
             'module' => $module,
             'type' => $type,
             'id' => $id,
           ))
           ->fields(array('count' => $count))
           ->expression('count', 'count + :count', array(':count' => $count))
           ->execute();
+      }
       /**
        * Removes a record to indicate that a module is no longer using a file.
+       *
        * The file_delete() function is typically called after removing a file usage
        * to remove the record from the file_managed table and delete the file itself.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object.
        * @param $module
        *   The name of the module using the file.
        * @param $type
        *   (optional) The type of the object that contains the referenced file. May
        *   be omitted if all module references to a file are being deleted.
        * @param $id
        *   (optional) The unique, numeric ID of the object containing the referenced
        *   file. May be omitted if all module references to a file are being deleted.
        * @param $count
        *   (optional) The number of references to delete from the object. Defaults to
        *   1. 0 may be specified to delete all references to the file within a
        *   specific object.
+       *
        * @see file_usage_add()
        * @see file_usage_list()
        * @see file_delete()
        */
       function file_usage_delete(stdClass $file, $module, $type = NULL, $id = NULL, $count = 1) {
         // Delete rows that have a exact or less value to prevent empty rows.
         $query = db_delete('file_usage')
           ->condition('module', $module)
           ->condition('fid', $file->fid);
         if ($type && $id) {
           $query
             ->condition('type', $type)
             ->condition('id', $id);
+        }
         if ($count) {
           $query->condition('count', $count, '<=');
+        }
         $result = $query->execute();
         // If the row has more than the specified count decrement it by that number.
         if (!$result && $count > 0) {
           $query = db_update('file_usage')
             ->condition('module', $module)
             ->condition('fid', $file->fid);
           if ($type && $id) {
             $query
               ->condition('type', $type)
               ->condition('id', $id);
+          }
           $query->expression('count', 'count - :count', array(':count' => $count));
           $query->execute();
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Copies a file to a new location and adds a file record to the database.
+       *
        * This function should be used when manipulating files that have records
        * stored in the database. This is a powerful function that in many ways
        * performs like an advanced version of copy().
        * - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
        * - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
        *   replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
        * - If the $source and $destination are equal, the behavior depends on the
        *   $replace parameter. FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE will error out. FILE_EXISTS_RENAME
        *   will rename the file until the $destination is unique.
        * - Adds the new file to the files database. If the source file is a
        *   temporary file, the resulting file will also be a temporary file. See
        *   file_save_upload() for details on temporary files.
+       *
        * @param $source
        *   A file object.
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the destination that $source should be copied to.
        *   This must be a stream wrapper URI.
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
        *       the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated. If
        *       no database entry is found then a new one will be created.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   File object if the copy is successful, or FALSE in the event of an error.
+       *
        * @see file_unmanaged_copy()
        * @see hook_file_copy()
        */
       function file_copy(stdClass $source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
           if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($source->uri)) !== FALSE) {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be copied, because the destination %destination is invalid. This is often caused by improper use of file_copy() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $source->uri, '%realpath' => $realpath, '%destination' => $destination));
+          }
           else {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied, because the destination %destination is invalid. This is often caused by improper use of file_copy() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $source->uri, '%destination' => $destination));
+          }
           drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.', array('%file' => $source->uri)), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         if ($uri = file_unmanaged_copy($source->uri, $destination, $replace)) {
           $file = clone $source;
           $file->fid = NULL;
           $file->uri = $uri;
           $file->filename = drupal_basename($uri);
           // If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
           if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
             $existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array('uri' => $uri));
             if (count($existing_files)) {
               $existing = reset($existing_files);
               $file->fid = $existing->fid;
               $file->filename = $existing->filename;
+            }
+          }
           // If we are renaming around an existing file (rather than a directory),
           // use its basename for the filename.
           elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
             $file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
+          }
           $file = file_save($file);
           // Inform modules that the file has been copied.
           module_invoke_all('file_copy', $file, $source);
           return $file;
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Determines whether the URI has a valid scheme for file API operations.
+       *
        * There must be a scheme and it must be a Drupal-provided scheme like
        * 'public', 'private', 'temporary', or an extension provided with
        * hook_stream_wrappers().
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   The URI to be tested.
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE if the URI is allowed.
        */
       function file_valid_uri($uri) {
         // Assert that the URI has an allowed scheme. Barepaths are not allowed.
         $uri_scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         if (empty($uri_scheme) || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($uri_scheme)) {
           return FALSE;
+        }
         return TRUE;
+      }
       /**
        * Copies a file to a new location without invoking the file API.
+       *
        * This is a powerful function that in many ways performs like an advanced
        * version of copy().
        * - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
        * - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
        *   replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
        * - If the $source and $destination are equal, the behavior depends on the
        *   $replace parameter. FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE will error out. FILE_EXISTS_RENAME
        *   will rename the file until the $destination is unique.
        * - Provides a fallback using realpaths if the move fails using stream
        *   wrappers. This can occur because PHP's copy() function does not properly
        *   support streams if safe_mode or open_basedir are enabled. See
        *   https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=60456
+       *
        * @param $source
        *   A string specifying the filepath or URI of the source file.
        * @param $destination
        *   A URI containing the destination that $source should be copied to. The
        *   URI may be a bare filepath (without a scheme). If this value is omitted,
        *   Drupal's default files scheme will be used, usually "public://".
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The path to the new file, or FALSE in the event of an error.
+       *
        * @see file_copy()
        */
       function file_unmanaged_copy($source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         $original_source = $source;
         $original_destination = $destination;
         // Assert that the source file actually exists.
         if (!file_exists($source)) {
           // @todo Replace drupal_set_message() calls with exceptions instead.
           drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because no file by that name exists. Please check that you supplied the correct filename.', array('%file' => $original_source)), 'error');
           if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($original_source)) !== FALSE) {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be copied because it does not exist.', array('%file' => $original_source, '%realpath' => $realpath));
+          }
           else {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because it does not exist.', array('%file' => $original_source));
+          }
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Build a destination URI if necessary.
         if (!isset($destination)) {
           $destination = file_build_uri(drupal_basename($source));
+        }
         // Prepare the destination directory.
         if (file_prepare_directory($destination)) {
           // The destination is already a directory, so append the source basename.
           $destination = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($destination . '/' . drupal_basename($source));
+        }
         else {
           // Perhaps $destination is a dir/file?
           $dirname = drupal_dirname($destination);
           if (!file_prepare_directory($dirname)) {
             // The destination is not valid.
             watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied, because the destination directory %destination is not configured correctly.', array('%file' => $original_source, '%destination' => $dirname));
             drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.', array('%file' => $original_source)), 'error');
             return FALSE;
+          }
+        }
         // Determine whether we can perform this operation based on overwrite rules.
         $destination = file_destination($destination, $replace);
         if ($destination === FALSE) {
           drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be copied because a file by that name already exists in the destination directory.', array('%file' => $original_source)), 'error');
           watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because a file by that name already exists in the destination directory (%directory)', array('%file' => $original_source, '%directory' => $destination));
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Assert that the source and destination filenames are not the same.
         $real_source = drupal_realpath($source);
         $real_destination = drupal_realpath($destination);
         if ($source == $destination || ($real_source !== FALSE) && ($real_source == $real_destination)) {
           drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file was not copied because it would overwrite itself.', array('%file' => $source)), 'error');
           watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be copied because it would overwrite itself.', array('%file' => $source));
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Make sure the .htaccess files are present.
         file_ensure_htaccess();
         // Perform the copy operation.
         if (!@copy($source, $destination)) {
           // If the copy failed and realpaths exist, retry the operation using them
           // instead.
           if ($real_source === FALSE || $real_destination === FALSE || !@copy($real_source, $real_destination)) {
             watchdog('file', 'The specified file %file could not be copied to %destination.', array('%file' => $source, '%destination' => $destination), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
             return FALSE;
+          }
+        }
         // Set the permissions on the new file.
         drupal_chmod($destination);
         return $destination;
+      }
       /**
        * Constructs a URI to Drupal's default files location given a relative path.
        */
       function file_build_uri($path) {
         $uri = file_default_scheme() . '://' . $path;
         return file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri);
+      }
       /**
        * Determines the destination path for a file.
+       *
        * @param $destination
        *   A string specifying the desired final URI or filepath.
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The destination filepath, or FALSE if the file already exists
        *   and FILE_EXISTS_ERROR is specified.
        */
       function file_destination($destination, $replace) {
         if (file_exists($destination)) {
           switch ($replace) {
             case FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE:
               // Do nothing here, we want to overwrite the existing file.
               break;
             case FILE_EXISTS_RENAME:
               $basename = drupal_basename($destination);
               $directory = drupal_dirname($destination);
               $destination = file_create_filename($basename, $directory);
               break;
             case FILE_EXISTS_ERROR:
               // Error reporting handled by calling function.
               return FALSE;
+          }
+        }
         return $destination;
+      }
       /**
        * Moves a file to a new location and update the file's database entry.
+       *
        * Moving a file is performed by copying the file to the new location and then
        * deleting the original.
        * - Checks if $source and $destination are valid and readable/writable.
        * - Performs a file move if $source is not equal to $destination.
        * - If file already exists in $destination either the call will error out,
        *   replace the file or rename the file based on the $replace parameter.
        * - Adds the new file to the files database.
+       *
        * @param $source
        *   A file object.
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the destination that $source should be moved to.
        *   This must be a stream wrapper URI.
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
        *       the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated and
        *       file_delete() called on the source file after hook_file_move is called.
        *       If no database entry is found then the source files record will be
        *       updated.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   Resulting file object for success, or FALSE in the event of an error.
+       *
        * @see file_unmanaged_move()
        * @see hook_file_move()
        */
       function file_move(stdClass $source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
           if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($source->uri)) !== FALSE) {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be moved, because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_move() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $source->uri, '%realpath' => $realpath, '%destination' => $destination));
+          }
           else {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be moved, because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_move() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $source->uri, '%destination' => $destination));
+          }
           drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be moved, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.', array('%file' => $source->uri)), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         if ($uri = file_unmanaged_move($source->uri, $destination, $replace)) {
           $delete_source = FALSE;
           $file = clone $source;
           $file->uri = $uri;
           // If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
           if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
             $existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array('uri' => $uri));
             if (count($existing_files)) {
               $existing = reset($existing_files);
               $delete_source = TRUE;
               $file->fid = $existing->fid;
+            }
+          }
           // If we are renaming around an existing file (rather than a directory),
           // use its basename for the filename.
           elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
             $file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
+          }
           $file = file_save($file);
           // Inform modules that the file has been moved.
           module_invoke_all('file_move', $file, $source);
           if ($delete_source) {
             // Try a soft delete to remove original if it's not in use elsewhere.
             file_delete($source);
+          }
           return $file;
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Moves a file to a new location without database changes or hook invocation.
+       *
        * @param $source
        *   A string specifying the filepath or URI of the original file.
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the destination that $source should be moved to.
        *   This must be a stream wrapper URI. If this value is omitted, Drupal's
        *   default files scheme will be used, usually "public://".
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The URI of the moved file, or FALSE in the event of an error.
+       *
        * @see file_move()
        */
       function file_unmanaged_move($source, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         $filepath = file_unmanaged_copy($source, $destination, $replace);
         if ($filepath == FALSE || file_unmanaged_delete($source) == FALSE) {
           return FALSE;
+        }
         return $filepath;
+      }
       /**
        * Modifies a filename as needed for security purposes.
+       *
        * Munging a file name prevents unknown file extensions from masking exploit
        * files. When web servers such as Apache decide how to process a URL request,
        * they use the file extension. If the extension is not recognized, Apache
        * skips that extension and uses the previous file extension. For example, if
        * the file being requested is exploit.php.pps, and Apache does not recognize
        * the '.pps' extension, it treats the file as PHP and executes it. To make
        * this file name safe for Apache and prevent it from executing as PHP, the
        * .php extension is "munged" into .php_, making the safe file name
        * exploit.php_.pps.
+       *
        * Specifically, this function adds an underscore to all extensions that are
        * between 2 and 5 characters in length, internal to the file name, and not
        * included in $extensions.
+       *
        * Function behavior is also controlled by the Drupal variable
        * 'allow_insecure_uploads'. If 'allow_insecure_uploads' evaluates to TRUE, no
        * alterations will be made, if it evaluates to FALSE, the filename is 'munged'.
+       *
        * @param $filename
        *   File name to modify.
        * @param $extensions
        *   A space-separated list of extensions that should not be altered.
        * @param $alerts
        *   If TRUE, drupal_set_message() will be called to display a message if the
        *   file name was changed.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The potentially modified $filename.
        */
       function file_munge_filename($filename, $extensions, $alerts = TRUE) {
         $original = $filename;
         // Allow potentially insecure uploads for very savvy users and admin
         if (!variable_get('allow_insecure_uploads', 0)) {
           // Remove any null bytes. See http://php.net/manual/security.filesystem.nullbytes.php
           $filename = str_replace(chr(0), '', $filename);
           $whitelist = array_unique(explode(' ', strtolower(trim($extensions))));
           // Split the filename up by periods. The first part becomes the basename
           // the last part the final extension.
           $filename_parts = explode('.', $filename);
           $new_filename = array_shift($filename_parts); // Remove file basename.
           $final_extension = array_pop($filename_parts); // Remove final extension.
           // Loop through the middle parts of the name and add an underscore to the
           // end of each section that could be a file extension but isn't in the list
           // of allowed extensions.
           foreach ($filename_parts as $filename_part) {
             $new_filename .= '.' . $filename_part;
             if (!in_array(strtolower($filename_part), $whitelist) && preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\d?$/", $filename_part)) {
               $new_filename .= '_';
+            }
+          }
           $filename = $new_filename . '.' . $final_extension;
           if ($alerts && $original != $filename) {
             drupal_set_message(t('For security reasons, your upload has been renamed to %filename.', array('%filename' => $filename)));
+          }
+        }
         return $filename;
+      }
       /**
        * Undoes the effect of file_munge_filename().
+       *
        * @param $filename
        *   String with the filename to be unmunged.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An unmunged filename string.
        */
       function file_unmunge_filename($filename) {
         return str_replace('_.', '.', $filename);
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a full file path from a directory and filename.
+       *
        * If a file with the specified name already exists, an alternative will be
        * used.
+       *
        * @param $basename
        *   String filename
        * @param $directory
        *   String containing the directory or parent URI.
+       *
        * @return
        *   File path consisting of $directory and a unique filename based off
        *   of $basename.
        */
       function file_create_filename($basename, $directory) {
         // Strip control characters (ASCII value < 32). Though these are allowed in
         // some filesystems, not many applications handle them well.
         $basename = preg_replace('/[\x00-\x1F]/u', '_', $basename);
         if (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
           // These characters are not allowed in Windows filenames
           $basename = str_replace(array(':', '*', '?', '"', '<', '>', '|'), '_', $basename);
+        }
         // A URI or path may already have a trailing slash or look like "public://".
         if (substr($directory, -1) == '/') {
           $separator = '';
+        }
         else {
           $separator = '/';
+        }
         $destination = $directory . $separator . $basename;
         if (file_exists($destination)) {
           // Destination file already exists, generate an alternative.
           $pos = strrpos($basename, '.');
           if ($pos !== FALSE) {
             $name = substr($basename, 0, $pos);
             $ext = substr($basename, $pos);
+          }
           else {
             $name = $basename;
             $ext = '';
+          }
           $counter = 0;
           do {
             $destination = $directory . $separator . $name . '_' . $counter++ . $ext;
           } while (file_exists($destination));
+        }
         return $destination;
+      }
       /**
        * Deletes a file and its database record.
+       *
        * If the $force parameter is not TRUE, file_usage_list() will be called to
        * determine if the file is being used by any modules. If the file is being
        * used the delete will be canceled.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object.
        * @param $force
        *   Boolean indicating that the file should be deleted even if the file is
        *   reported as in use by the file_usage table.
+       *
        * @return mixed
        *   TRUE for success, FALSE in the event of an error, or an array if the file
        *   is being used by any modules.
+       *
        * @see file_unmanaged_delete()
        * @see file_usage_list()
        * @see file_usage_delete()
        * @see hook_file_delete()
        */
       function file_delete(stdClass $file, $force = FALSE) {
         if (!file_valid_uri($file->uri)) {
           if (($realpath = drupal_realpath($file->uri)) !== FALSE) {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file (%realpath) could not be deleted because it is not a valid URI. This may be caused by improper use of file_delete() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $file->uri, '%realpath' => $realpath));
+          }
           else {
             watchdog('file', 'File %file could not be deleted because it is not a valid URI. This may be caused by improper use of file_delete() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%file' => $file->uri));
+          }
           drupal_set_message(t('The specified file %file could not be deleted, because it is not a valid URI. More information is available in the system log.', array('%file' => $file->uri)), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // If any module still has a usage entry in the file_usage table, the file
         // will not be deleted, but file_delete() will return a populated array
         // that tests as TRUE.
         if (!$force && ($references = file_usage_list($file))) {
           return $references;
+        }
         // Let other modules clean up any references to the deleted file.
         module_invoke_all('file_delete', $file);
         module_invoke_all('entity_delete', $file, 'file');
         // Make sure the file is deleted before removing its row from the
         // database, so UIs can still find the file in the database.
         if (file_unmanaged_delete($file->uri)) {
           db_delete('file_managed')->condition('fid', $file->fid)->execute();
           db_delete('file_usage')->condition('fid', $file->fid)->execute();
           entity_get_controller('file')->resetCache();
           return TRUE;
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Deletes a file without database changes or hook invocations.
+       *
        * This function should be used when the file to be deleted does not have an
        * entry recorded in the files table.
+       *
        * @param $path
        *   A string containing a file path or (streamwrapper) URI.
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE for success or path does not exist, or FALSE in the event of an
        *   error.
+       *
        * @see file_delete()
        * @see file_unmanaged_delete_recursive()
        */
       function file_unmanaged_delete($path) {
         if (is_dir($path)) {
           watchdog('file', '%path is a directory and cannot be removed using file_unmanaged_delete().', array('%path' => $path), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
           return FALSE;
+        }
         if (is_file($path)) {
           return drupal_unlink($path);
+        }
         // Return TRUE for non-existent file, but log that nothing was actually
         // deleted, as the current state is the intended result.
         if (!file_exists($path)) {
           watchdog('file', 'The file %path was not deleted, because it does not exist.', array('%path' => $path), WATCHDOG_NOTICE);
           return TRUE;
+        }
         // We cannot handle anything other than files and directories. Log an error
         // for everything else (sockets, symbolic links, etc).
         watchdog('file', 'The file %path is not of a recognized type so it was not deleted.', array('%path' => $path), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Deletes all files and directories in the specified filepath recursively.
+       *
        * If the specified path is a directory then the function will call itself
        * recursively to process the contents. Once the contents have been removed the
        * directory will also be removed.
+       *
        * If the specified path is a file then it will be passed to
        * file_unmanaged_delete().
+       *
        * Note that this only deletes visible files with write permission.
+       *
        * @param $path
        *   A string containing either an URI or a file or directory path.
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE for success or if path does not exist, FALSE in the event of an
        *   error.
+       *
        * @see file_unmanaged_delete()
        */
       function file_unmanaged_delete_recursive($path) {
         if (is_dir($path)) {
           $dir = dir($path);
           while (($entry = $dir->read()) !== FALSE) {
             if ($entry == '.' || $entry == '..') {
               continue;
+            }
             $entry_path = $path . '/' . $entry;
             file_unmanaged_delete_recursive($entry_path);
+          }
           $dir->close();
           return drupal_rmdir($path);
+        }
         return file_unmanaged_delete($path);
+      }
       /**
        * Determines total disk space used by a single user or the whole filesystem.
+       *
        * @param $uid
        *   Optional. A user id, specifying NULL returns the total space used by all
        *   non-temporary files.
        * @param $status
        *   Optional. The file status to consider. The default is to only
        *   consider files in status FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An integer containing the number of bytes used.
        */
       function file_space_used($uid = NULL, $status = FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT) {
         $query = db_select('file_managed', 'f');
         $query->condition('f.status', $status);
         $query->addExpression('SUM(f.filesize)', 'filesize');
         if (isset($uid)) {
           $query->condition('f.uid', $uid);
+        }
         return $query->execute()->fetchField();
+      }
       /**
        * Saves a file upload to a new location.
+       *
        * The file will be added to the {file_managed} table as a temporary file.
        * Temporary files are periodically cleaned. To make the file a permanent file,
        * assign the status and use file_save() to save the changes.
+       *
        * @param $form_field_name
        *   A string that is the associative array key of the upload form element in
        *   the form array.
        * @param $validators
        *   An optional, associative array of callback functions used to validate the
        *   file. See file_validate() for a full discussion of the array format.
        *   If no extension validator is provided it will default to a limited safe
        *   list of extensions which is as follows: "jpg jpeg gif png txt
        *   doc xls pdf ppt pps odt ods odp". To allow all extensions you must
        *   explicitly set the 'file_validate_extensions' validator to an empty array
        *   (Beware: this is not safe and should only be allowed for trusted users, if
        *   at all).
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the URI that the file should be copied to. This must
        *   be a stream wrapper URI. If this value is omitted, Drupal's temporary
        *   files scheme will be used ("temporary://").
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE: Replace the existing file.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME: Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *     unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR: Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An object containing the file information if the upload succeeded, FALSE
        *   in the event of an error, or NULL if no file was uploaded. The
        *   documentation for the "File interface" group, which you can find under
        *   Related topics, or the header at the top of this file, documents the
        *   components of a file object. In addition to the standard components,
        *   this function adds:
        *   - source: Path to the file before it is moved.
        *   - destination: Path to the file after it is moved (same as 'uri').
        */
       function file_save_upload($form_field_name, $validators = array(), $destination = FALSE, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         global $user;
         static $upload_cache;
         // Return cached objects without processing since the file will have
         // already been processed and the paths in _FILES will be invalid.
         if (isset($upload_cache[$form_field_name])) {
           return $upload_cache[$form_field_name];
+        }
         // Make sure there's an upload to process.
         if (empty($_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name])) {
           return NULL;
+        }
         // Check for file upload errors and return FALSE if a lower level system
         // error occurred. For a complete list of errors:
         // See http://php.net/manual/features.file-upload.errors.php.
         switch ($_FILES['files']['error'][$form_field_name]) {
           case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
           case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
             drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved, because it exceeds %maxsize, the maximum allowed size for uploads.', array('%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name], '%maxsize' => format_size(file_upload_max_size()))), 'error');
             return FALSE;
           case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
           case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
             drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved, because the upload did not complete.', array('%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name])), 'error');
             return FALSE;
           case UPLOAD_ERR_OK:
             // Final check that this is a valid upload, if it isn't, use the
             // default error handler.
             if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name])) {
               break;
+            }
           // Unknown error
           default:
             drupal_set_message(t('The file %file could not be saved. An unknown error has occurred.', array('%file' => $_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name])), 'error');
             return FALSE;
+        }
         // Begin building file object.
         $file = new stdClass();
         $file->uid      = $user->uid;
         $file->status   = 0;
         $file->filename = trim(drupal_basename($_FILES['files']['name'][$form_field_name]), '.');
         $file->uri      = $_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name];
         $file->filemime = file_get_mimetype($file->filename);
         $file->filesize = $_FILES['files']['size'][$form_field_name];
         $extensions = '';
         if (isset($validators['file_validate_extensions'])) {
           if (isset($validators['file_validate_extensions'][0])) {
             // Build the list of non-munged extensions if the caller provided them.
             $extensions = $validators['file_validate_extensions'][0];
+          }
           else {
             // If 'file_validate_extensions' is set and the list is empty then the
             // caller wants to allow any extension. In this case we have to remove the
             // validator or else it will reject all extensions.
             unset($validators['file_validate_extensions']);
+          }
+        }
         else {
           // No validator was provided, so add one using the default list.
           // Build a default non-munged safe list for file_munge_filename().
           $extensions = 'jpg jpeg gif png txt doc xls pdf ppt pps odt ods odp';
           $validators['file_validate_extensions'] = array();
           $validators['file_validate_extensions'][0] = $extensions;
+        }
         if (!empty($extensions)) {
           // Munge the filename to protect against possible malicious extension hiding
           // within an unknown file type (ie: filename.html.foo).
           $file->filename = file_munge_filename($file->filename, $extensions);
+        }
         // Rename potentially executable files, to help prevent exploits (i.e. will
         // rename filename.php.foo and filename.php to filename.php.foo.txt and
         // filename.php.txt, respectively). Don't rename if 'allow_insecure_uploads'
         // evaluates to TRUE.
         if (!variable_get('allow_insecure_uploads', 0) && preg_match('/\.(php|pl|py|cgi|asp|js)(\.|$)/i', $file->filename) && (substr($file->filename, -4) != '.txt')) {
           $file->filemime = 'text/plain';
           $file->uri .= '.txt';
           $file->filename .= '.txt';
           // The .txt extension may not be in the allowed list of extensions. We have
           // to add it here or else the file upload will fail.
           if (!empty($extensions)) {
             $validators['file_validate_extensions'][0] .= ' txt';
             drupal_set_message(t('For security reasons, your upload has been renamed to %filename.', array('%filename' => $file->filename)));
+          }
+        }
         // If the destination is not provided, use the temporary directory.
         if (empty($destination)) {
           $destination = 'temporary://';
+        }
         // Assert that the destination contains a valid stream.
         $destination_scheme = file_uri_scheme($destination);
         if (!$destination_scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($destination_scheme)) {
           drupal_set_message(t('The file could not be uploaded, because the destination %destination is invalid.', array('%destination' => $destination)), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         $file->source = $form_field_name;
         // A URI may already have a trailing slash or look like "public://".
         if (substr($destination, -1) != '/') {
           $destination .= '/';
+        }
         $file->destination = file_destination($destination . $file->filename, $replace);
         // If file_destination() returns FALSE then $replace == FILE_EXISTS_ERROR and
         // there's an existing file so we need to bail.
         if ($file->destination === FALSE) {
           drupal_set_message(t('The file %source could not be uploaded because a file by that name already exists in the destination %directory.', array('%source' => $form_field_name, '%directory' => $destination)), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Add in our check of the file name length.
         $validators['file_validate_name_length'] = array();
         // Call the validation functions specified by this function's caller.
         $errors = file_validate($file, $validators);
         // Check for errors.
         if (!empty($errors)) {
           $message = t('The specified file %name could not be uploaded.', array('%name' => $file->filename));
           if (count($errors) > 1) {
             $message .= theme('item_list', array('items' => $errors));
+          }
           else {
             $message .= ' ' . array_pop($errors);
+          }
           form_set_error($form_field_name, $message);
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Move uploaded files from PHP's upload_tmp_dir to Drupal's temporary
         // directory. This overcomes open_basedir restrictions for future file
         // operations.
         $file->uri = $file->destination;
         if (!drupal_move_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'][$form_field_name], $file->uri)) {
           form_set_error($form_field_name, t('File upload error. Could not move uploaded file.'));
           watchdog('file', 'Upload error. Could not move uploaded file %file to destination %destination.', array('%file' => $file->filename, '%destination' => $file->uri));
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Set the permissions on the new file.
         drupal_chmod($file->uri);
         // If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
         if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
           $existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array('uri' => $file->uri));
           if (count($existing_files)) {
             $existing = reset($existing_files);
             $file->fid = $existing->fid;
+          }
+        }
         // If we made it this far it's safe to record this file in the database.
         if ($file = file_save($file)) {
           // Add file to the cache.
           $upload_cache[$form_field_name] = $file;
           return $file;
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Moves an uploaded file to a new location.
+       *
        * PHP's move_uploaded_file() does not properly support streams if safe_mode
        * or open_basedir are enabled, so this function fills that gap.
+       *
        * Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
+       *
        * @param $filename
        *   The filename of the uploaded file.
        * @param $uri
        *   A string containing the destination URI of the file.
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see move_uploaded_file()
        * @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri) {
         $result = @move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri);
         // PHP's move_uploaded_file() does not properly support streams if safe_mode
         // or open_basedir are enabled so if the move failed, try finding a real path
         // and retry the move operation.
         if (!$result) {
           if ($realpath = drupal_realpath($uri)) {
             $result = move_uploaded_file($filename, $realpath);
+          }
           else {
             $result = move_uploaded_file($filename, $uri);
+          }
+        }
         return $result;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that a file meets the criteria specified by the validators.
+       *
        * After executing the validator callbacks specified hook_file_validate() will
        * also be called to allow other modules to report errors about the file.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object.
        * @param $validators
        *   An optional, associative array of callback functions used to validate the
        *   file. The keys are function names and the values arrays of callback
        *   parameters which will be passed in after the file object. The
        *   functions should return an array of error messages; an empty array
        *   indicates that the file passed validation. The functions will be called in
        *   the order specified.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array containing validation error messages.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_validate()
        */
       function file_validate(stdClass &$file, $validators = array()) {
         // Call the validation functions specified by this function's caller.
         $errors = array();
         foreach ($validators as $function => $args) {
           if (function_exists($function)) {
             array_unshift($args, $file);
             $errors = array_merge($errors, call_user_func_array($function, $args));
+          }
+        }
         // Let other modules perform validation on the new file.
         return array_merge($errors, module_invoke_all('file_validate', $file));
+      }
       /**
        * Checks for files with names longer than we can store in the database.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array. If the file name is too long, it will contain an error message.
        */
       function file_validate_name_length(stdClass $file) {
         $errors = array();
         if (empty($file->filename)) {
           $errors[] = t("The file's name is empty. Please give a name to the file.");
+        }
         if (strlen($file->filename) > 240) {
           $errors[] = t("The file's name exceeds the 240 characters limit. Please rename the file and try again.");
+        }
         return $errors;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the filename ends with an allowed extension.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object.
        * @param $extensions
        *   A string with a space separated list of allowed extensions.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array. If the file extension is not allowed, it will contain an error
        *   message.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_validate()
        */
       function file_validate_extensions(stdClass $file, $extensions) {
         $errors = array();
         $regex = '/\.(' . preg_replace('/ +/', '|', preg_quote($extensions)) . ')$/i';
         if (!preg_match($regex, $file->filename)) {
           $errors[] = t('Only files with the following extensions are allowed: %files-allowed.', array('%files-allowed' => $extensions));
+        }
         return $errors;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the file's size is below certain limits.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object.
        * @param $file_limit
        *   An integer specifying the maximum file size in bytes. Zero indicates that
        *   no limit should be enforced.
        * @param $user_limit
        *   An integer specifying the maximum number of bytes the user is allowed.
        *   Zero indicates that no limit should be enforced.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array. If the file size exceeds limits, it will contain an error
        *   message.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_validate()
        */
       function file_validate_size(stdClass $file, $file_limit = 0, $user_limit = 0) {
         global $user;
         $errors = array();
         if ($file_limit && $file->filesize > $file_limit) {
           $errors[] = t('The file is %filesize exceeding the maximum file size of %maxsize.', array('%filesize' => format_size($file->filesize), '%maxsize' => format_size($file_limit)));
+        }
         // Save a query by only calling file_space_used() when a limit is provided.
         if ($user_limit && (file_space_used($user->uid) + $file->filesize) > $user_limit) {
           $errors[] = t('The file is %filesize which would exceed your disk quota of %quota.', array('%filesize' => format_size($file->filesize), '%quota' => format_size($user_limit)));
+        }
         return $errors;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the file is recognized by image_get_info() as an image.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array. If the file is not an image, it will contain an error message.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_validate()
        */
       function file_validate_is_image(stdClass $file) {
         $errors = array();
         $info = image_get_info($file->uri);
         if (!$info || empty($info['extension'])) {
           $errors[] = t('Only JPEG, PNG and GIF images are allowed.');
+        }
         return $errors;
+      }
       /**
        * Verifies that image dimensions are within the specified maximum and minimum.
+       *
        * Non-image files will be ignored. If an image toolkit is available the image
        * will be scaled to fit within the desired maximum dimensions.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A Drupal file object. This function may resize the file affecting its
        *   size.
        * @param $maximum_dimensions
        *   An optional string in the form WIDTHxHEIGHT e.g. '640x480' or '85x85'. If
        *   an image toolkit is installed the image will be resized down to these
        *   dimensions. A value of 0 indicates no restriction on size, so resizing
        *   will be attempted.
        * @param $minimum_dimensions
        *   An optional string in the form WIDTHxHEIGHT. This will check that the
        *   image meets a minimum size. A value of 0 indicates no restriction.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An array. If the file is an image and did not meet the requirements, it
        *   will contain an error message.
+       *
        * @see hook_file_validate()
        */
       function file_validate_image_resolution(stdClass $file, $maximum_dimensions = 0, $minimum_dimensions = 0) {
         $errors = array();
         // Check first that the file is an image.
         if ($info = image_get_info($file->uri)) {
           if ($maximum_dimensions) {
             // Check that it is smaller than the given dimensions.
             list($width, $height) = explode('x', $maximum_dimensions);
             if ($info['width'] > $width || $info['height'] > $height) {
               // Try to resize the image to fit the dimensions.
               if ($image = image_load($file->uri)) {
                 image_scale($image, $width, $height);
                 image_save($image);
                 $file->filesize = $image->info['file_size'];
                 drupal_set_message(t('The image was resized to fit within the maximum allowed dimensions of %dimensions pixels.', array('%dimensions' => $maximum_dimensions)));
+              }
               else {
                 $errors[] = t('The image is too large; the maximum dimensions are %dimensions pixels.', array('%dimensions' => $maximum_dimensions));
+              }
+            }
+          }
           if ($minimum_dimensions) {
             // Check that it is larger than the given dimensions.
             list($width, $height) = explode('x', $minimum_dimensions);
             if ($info['width'] < $width || $info['height'] < $height) {
               $errors[] = t('The image is too small; the minimum dimensions are %dimensions pixels.', array('%dimensions' => $minimum_dimensions));
+            }
+          }
+        }
         return $errors;
+      }
       /**
        * Saves a file to the specified destination and creates a database entry.
+       *
        * @param $data
        *   A string containing the contents of the file.
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the destination URI. This must be a stream wrapper URI.
        *   If no value is provided, a randomized name will be generated and the file
        *   will be saved using Drupal's default files scheme, usually "public://".
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file. If a managed file with
        *       the destination name exists then its database entry will be updated. If
        *       no database entry is found then a new one will be created.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *       unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A file object, or FALSE on error.
+       *
        * @see file_unmanaged_save_data()
        */
       function file_save_data($data, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         global $user;
         if (empty($destination)) {
           $destination = file_default_scheme() . '://';
+        }
         if (!file_valid_uri($destination)) {
           watchdog('file', 'The data could not be saved because the destination %destination is invalid. This may be caused by improper use of file_save_data() or a missing stream wrapper.', array('%destination' => $destination));
           drupal_set_message(t('The data could not be saved, because the destination is invalid. More information is available in the system log.'), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         if ($uri = file_unmanaged_save_data($data, $destination, $replace)) {
           // Create a file object.
           $file = new stdClass();
           $file->fid = NULL;
           $file->uri = $uri;
           $file->filename = drupal_basename($uri);
           $file->filemime = file_get_mimetype($file->uri);
           $file->uid      = $user->uid;
           $file->status   = FILE_STATUS_PERMANENT;
           // If we are replacing an existing file re-use its database record.
           if ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE) {
             $existing_files = file_load_multiple(array(), array('uri' => $uri));
             if (count($existing_files)) {
               $existing = reset($existing_files);
               $file->fid = $existing->fid;
               $file->filename = $existing->filename;
+            }
+          }
           // If we are renaming around an existing file (rather than a directory),
           // use its basename for the filename.
           elseif ($replace == FILE_EXISTS_RENAME && is_file($destination)) {
             $file->filename = drupal_basename($destination);
+          }
           return file_save($file);
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Saves a string to the specified destination without invoking file API.
+       *
        * This function is identical to file_save_data() except the file will not be
        * saved to the {file_managed} table and none of the file_* hooks will be
        * called.
+       *
        * @param $data
        *   A string containing the contents of the file.
        * @param $destination
        *   A string containing the destination location. This must be a stream wrapper
        *   URI. If no value is provided, a randomized name will be generated and the
        *   file will be saved using Drupal's default files scheme, usually
        *   "public://".
        * @param $replace
        *   Replace behavior when the destination file already exists:
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_REPLACE - Replace the existing file.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_RENAME - Append _{incrementing number} until the filename is
        *                          unique.
        *   - FILE_EXISTS_ERROR - Do nothing and return FALSE.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string with the path of the resulting file, or FALSE on error.
+       *
        * @see file_save_data()
        */
       function file_unmanaged_save_data($data, $destination = NULL, $replace = FILE_EXISTS_RENAME) {
         // Write the data to a temporary file.
         $temp_name = drupal_tempnam('temporary://', 'file');
         if (file_put_contents($temp_name, $data) === FALSE) {
           drupal_set_message(t('The file could not be created.'), 'error');
           return FALSE;
+        }
         // Move the file to its final destination.
         return file_unmanaged_move($temp_name, $destination, $replace);
+      }
       /**
        * Transfers a file to the client using HTTP.
+       *
        * Pipes a file through Drupal to the client.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   String specifying the file URI to transfer.
        * @param $headers
        *   An array of HTTP headers to send along with file.
        */
       function file_transfer($uri, $headers) {
         if (ob_get_level()) {
           ob_end_clean();
+        }
         foreach ($headers as $name => $value) {
           drupal_add_http_header($name, $value);
+        }
         drupal_send_headers();
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         // Transfer file in 1024 byte chunks to save memory usage.
         if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) && $fd = fopen($uri, 'rb')) {
           while (!feof($fd)) {
             print fread($fd, 1024);
+          }
           fclose($fd);
+        }
         else {
           drupal_not_found();
+        }
         drupal_exit();
+      }
       /**
        * Menu handler for private file transfers.
+       *
        * Call modules that implement hook_file_download() to find out if a file is
        * accessible and what headers it should be transferred with. If one or more
        * modules returned headers the download will start with the returned headers.
        * If a module returns -1 drupal_access_denied() will be returned. If the file
        * exists but no modules responded drupal_access_denied() will be returned.
        * If the file does not exist drupal_not_found() will be returned.
+       *
        * @see system_menu()
        */
       function file_download() {
         // Merge remainder of arguments from GET['q'], into relative file path.
         $args = func_get_args();
         $scheme = array_shift($args);
         $target = implode('/', $args);
         $uri = $scheme . '://' . $target;
         if (file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme) && file_exists($uri)) {
           $headers = file_download_headers($uri);
           if (count($headers)) {
             file_transfer($uri, $headers);
+          }
           drupal_access_denied();
+        }
         else {
           drupal_not_found();
+        }
         drupal_exit();
+      }
       /**
        * Retrieves headers for a private file download.
+       *
        * Calls all module implementations of hook_file_download() to retrieve headers
        * for files by the module that originally provided the file. The presence of
        * returned headers indicates the current user has access to the file.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   The URI for the file whose headers should be retrieved.
+       *
        * @return
        *   If access is allowed, headers for the file, suitable for passing to
        *   file_transfer(). If access is not allowed, an empty array will be returned.
+       *
        * @see file_transfer()
        * @see file_download_access()
        * @see hook_file_download()
        */
       function file_download_headers($uri) {
         // Let other modules provide headers and control access to the file.
         // module_invoke_all() uses array_merge_recursive() which merges header
         // values into a new array. To avoid that and allow modules to override
         // headers instead, use array_merge() to merge the returned arrays.
         $headers = array();
         foreach (module_implements('file_download') as $module) {
           $function = $module . '_file_download';
           $result = $function($uri);
           if ($result == -1) {
             // Throw away the headers received so far.
             $headers = array();
             break;
+          }
           if (isset($result) && is_array($result)) {
             $headers = array_merge($headers, $result);
+          }
+        }
         return $headers;
+      }
       /**
        * Checks that the current user has access to a particular file.
+       *
        * The return value of this function hinges on the return value from
        * file_download_headers(), which is the function responsible for collecting
        * access information through hook_file_download().
+       *
        * If immediately transferring the file to the browser and the headers will
        * need to be retrieved, the return value of file_download_headers() should be
        * used to determine access directly, so that access checks will not be run
        * twice.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   The URI for the file whose access should be retrieved.
+       *
        * @return
        *   Boolean TRUE if access is allowed. FALSE if access is not allowed.
+       *
        * @see file_download_headers()
        * @see hook_file_download()
        */
       function file_download_access($uri) {
         return count(file_download_headers($uri)) > 0;
+      }
       /**
        * Finds all files that match a given mask in a given directory.
+       *
        * Directories and files beginning with a period are excluded; this
        * prevents hidden files and directories (such as SVN working directories)
        * from being scanned.
+       *
        * @param $dir
        *   The base directory or URI to scan, without trailing slash.
        * @param $mask
        *   The preg_match() regular expression of the files to find.
        * @param $options
        *   An associative array of additional options, with the following elements:
        *   - 'nomask': The preg_match() regular expression of the files to ignore.
        *     Defaults to '/(\.\.?|CVS)$/'.
        *   - 'callback': The callback function to call for each match. There is no
        *     default callback.
        *   - 'recurse': When TRUE, the directory scan will recurse the entire tree
        *     starting at the provided directory. Defaults to TRUE.
        *   - 'key': The key to be used for the returned associative array of files.
        *     Possible values are 'uri', for the file's URI; 'filename', for the
        *     basename of the file; and 'name' for the name of the file without the
        *     extension. Defaults to 'uri'.
        *   - 'min_depth': Minimum depth of directories to return files from. Defaults
        *     to 0.
        * @param $depth
        *   Current depth of recursion. This parameter is only used internally and
        *   should not be passed in.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An associative array (keyed on the chosen key) of objects with 'uri',
        *   'filename', and 'name' members corresponding to the matching files.
        */
       function file_scan_directory($dir, $mask, $options = array(), $depth = 0) {
         // Merge in defaults.
         $options += array(
           'nomask' => '/(\.\.?|CVS)$/',
           'callback' => 0,
           'recurse' => TRUE,
           'key' => 'uri',
           'min_depth' => 0,
         );
         $options['key'] = in_array($options['key'], array('uri', 'filename', 'name')) ? $options['key'] : 'uri';
         $files = array();
         if (is_dir($dir) && $handle = opendir($dir)) {
           while (FALSE !== ($filename = readdir($handle))) {
             if (!preg_match($options['nomask'], $filename) && $filename[0] != '.') {
               $uri = "$dir/$filename";
               $uri = file_stream_wrapper_uri_normalize($uri);
               if (is_dir($uri) && $options['recurse']) {
                 // Give priority to files in this folder by merging them in after any subdirectory files.
                 $files = array_merge(file_scan_directory($uri, $mask, $options, $depth + 1), $files);
+              }
               elseif ($depth >= $options['min_depth'] && preg_match($mask, $filename)) {
                 // Always use this match over anything already set in $files with the
                 // same $$options['key'].
                 $file = new stdClass();
                 $file->uri = $uri;
                 $file->filename = $filename;
                 $file->name = pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME);
                 $key = $options['key'];
                 $files[$file->$key] = $file;
                 if ($options['callback']) {
                   $options['callback']($uri);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
           closedir($handle);
+        }
         return $files;
+      }
       /**
        * Determines the maximum file upload size by querying the PHP settings.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A file size limit in bytes based on the PHP upload_max_filesize and
        *   post_max_size
        */
       function file_upload_max_size() {
         static $max_size = -1;
         if ($max_size < 0) {
           // Start with post_max_size.
           $max_size = parse_size(ini_get('post_max_size'));
           // If upload_max_size is less, then reduce. Except if upload_max_size is
           // zero, which indicates no limit.
           $upload_max = parse_size(ini_get('upload_max_filesize'));
           if ($upload_max > 0 && $upload_max < $max_size) {
             $max_size = $upload_max;
+          }
+        }
         return $max_size;
+      }
       /**
        * Determines an Internet Media Type or MIME type from a filename.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A string containing the URI, path, or filename.
        * @param $mapping
        *   An optional map of extensions to their mimetypes, in the form:
        *    - 'mimetypes': a list of mimetypes, keyed by an identifier,
        *    - 'extensions': the mapping itself, an associative array in which
        *      the key is the extension (lowercase) and the value is the mimetype
        *      identifier. If $mapping is NULL file_mimetype_mapping() is called.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The internet media type registered for the extension or
        *   application/octet-stream for unknown extensions.
+       *
        * @see file_default_mimetype_mapping()
        */
       function file_get_mimetype($uri, $mapping = NULL) {
         if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
           return $wrapper->getMimeType($uri, $mapping);
+        }
         else {
           // getMimeType() is not implementation specific, so we can directly
           // call it without an instance.
           return DrupalLocalStreamWrapper::getMimeType($uri, $mapping);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Sets the permissions on a file or directory.
+       *
        * This function will use the 'file_chmod_directory' and 'file_chmod_file'
        * variables for the default modes for directories and uploaded/generated
        * files. By default these will give everyone read access so that users
        * accessing the files with a user account without the webserver group (e.g.
        * via FTP) can read these files, and give group write permissions so webserver
        * group members (e.g. a vhost account) can alter files uploaded and owned by
        * the webserver.
+       *
        * PHP's chmod does not support stream wrappers so we use our wrapper
        * implementation which interfaces with chmod() by default. Contrib wrappers
        * may override this behavior in their implementations as needed.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A string containing a URI file, or directory path.
        * @param $mode
        *   Integer value for the permissions. Consult PHP chmod() documentation for
        *   more information.
+       *
        * @return
        *   TRUE for success, FALSE in the event of an error.
+       *
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_chmod($uri, $mode = NULL) {
         if (!isset($mode)) {
           if (is_dir($uri)) {
             $mode = variable_get('file_chmod_directory', 0775);
+          }
           else {
             $mode = variable_get('file_chmod_file', 0664);
+          }
+        }
         // If this URI is a stream, pass it off to the appropriate stream wrapper.
         // Otherwise, attempt PHP's chmod. This allows use of drupal_chmod even
         // for unmanaged files outside of the stream wrapper interface.
         if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
           if ($wrapper->chmod($mode)) {
             return TRUE;
+          }
+        }
         else {
           if (@chmod($uri, $mode)) {
             return TRUE;
+          }
+        }
         watchdog('file', 'The file permissions could not be set on %uri.', array('%uri' => $uri), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Deletes a file.
+       *
        * PHP's unlink() is broken on Windows, as it can fail to remove a file
        * when it has a read-only flag set.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A URI or pathname.
        * @param $context
        *   Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
+       *
        * @return
        *   Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see unlink()
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_unlink($uri, $context = NULL) {
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         if ((!$scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) && (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN')) {
           chmod($uri, 0600);
+        }
         if ($context) {
           return unlink($uri, $context);
+        }
         else {
           return unlink($uri);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Resolves the absolute filepath of a local URI or filepath.
+       *
        * The use of drupal_realpath() is discouraged, because it does not work for
        * remote URIs. Except in rare cases, URIs should not be manually resolved.
+       *
        * Only use this function if you know that the stream wrapper in the URI uses
        * the local file system, and you need to pass an absolute path to a function
        * that is incompatible with stream URIs.
+       *
        * @param string $uri
        *   A stream wrapper URI or a filepath, possibly including one or more symbolic
        *   links.
+       *
        * @return string|false
        *   The absolute local filepath (with no symbolic links), or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see DrupalStreamWrapperInterface::realpath()
        * @see http://php.net/manual/function.realpath.php
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_realpath($uri) {
         // If this URI is a stream, pass it off to the appropriate stream wrapper.
         // Otherwise, attempt PHP's realpath. This allows use of drupal_realpath even
         // for unmanaged files outside of the stream wrapper interface.
         if ($wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_uri($uri)) {
           return $wrapper->realpath();
+        }
         // Check that the URI has a value. There is a bug in PHP 5.2 on *BSD systems
         // that makes realpath not return FALSE as expected when passing an empty
         // variable.
         // @todo Remove when Drupal drops support for PHP 5.2.
         elseif (!empty($uri)) {
           return realpath($uri);
+        }
         return FALSE;
+      }
       /**
        * Gets the name of the directory from a given path.
+       *
        * PHP's dirname() does not properly pass streams, so this function fills
        * that gap. It is backwards compatible with normal paths and will use
        * PHP's dirname() as a fallback.
+       *
        * Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A URI or path.
+       *
        * @return
        *   A string containing the directory name.
+       *
        * @see dirname()
        * @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_dirname($uri) {
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
           return file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme)->dirname($uri);
+        }
         else {
           return dirname($uri);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Gets the filename from a given path.
+       *
        * PHP's basename() does not properly support streams or filenames beginning
        * with a non-US-ASCII character.
+       *
        * @see http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=37738
        * @see basename()
+       *
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_basename($uri, $suffix = NULL) {
         $separators = '/';
         if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR != '/') {
           // For Windows OS add special separator.
           $separators .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
+        }
         // Remove right-most slashes when $uri points to directory.
         $uri = rtrim($uri, $separators);
         // Returns the trailing part of the $uri starting after one of the directory
         // separators.
         $filename = preg_match('@[^' . preg_quote($separators, '@') . ']+$@', $uri, $matches) ? $matches[0] : '';
         // Cuts off a suffix from the filename.
         if ($suffix) {
           $filename = preg_replace('@' . preg_quote($suffix, '@') . '$@', '', $filename);
+        }
         return $filename;
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a directory using Drupal's default mode.
+       *
        * PHP's mkdir() does not respect Drupal's default permissions mode. If a mode
        * is not provided, this function will make sure that Drupal's is used.
+       *
        * Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A URI or pathname.
        * @param $mode
        *   By default the Drupal mode is used.
        * @param $recursive
        *   Default to FALSE.
        * @param $context
        *   Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
+       *
        * @return
        *   Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see mkdir()
        * @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_mkdir($uri, $mode = NULL, $recursive = FALSE, $context = NULL) {
         if (!isset($mode)) {
           $mode = variable_get('file_chmod_directory', 0775);
+        }
         if (!isset($context)) {
           return mkdir($uri, $mode, $recursive);
+        }
         else {
           return mkdir($uri, $mode, $recursive, $context);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Removes a directory.
+       *
        * PHP's rmdir() is broken on Windows, as it can fail to remove a directory
        * when it has a read-only flag set.
+       *
        * @param $uri
        *   A URI or pathname.
        * @param $context
        *   Refer to http://php.net/manual/ref.stream.php
+       *
        * @return
        *   Boolean TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see rmdir()
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_rmdir($uri, $context = NULL) {
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($uri);
         if ((!$scheme || !file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) && (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN')) {
           chmod($uri, 0700);
+        }
         if ($context) {
           return rmdir($uri, $context);
+        }
         else {
           return rmdir($uri);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Creates a file with a unique filename in the specified directory.
+       *
        * PHP's tempnam() does not return a URI like we want. This function
        * will return a URI if given a URI, or it will return a filepath if
        * given a filepath.
+       *
        * Compatibility: normal paths and stream wrappers.
+       *
        * @param $directory
        *   The directory where the temporary filename will be created.
        * @param $prefix
        *   The prefix of the generated temporary filename.
        *   Note: Windows uses only the first three characters of prefix.
+       *
        * @return
        *   The new temporary filename, or FALSE on failure.
+       *
        * @see tempnam()
        * @see http://drupal.org/node/515192
        * @ingroup php_wrappers
        */
       function drupal_tempnam($directory, $prefix) {
         $scheme = file_uri_scheme($directory);
         if ($scheme && file_stream_wrapper_valid_scheme($scheme)) {
           $wrapper = file_stream_wrapper_get_instance_by_scheme($scheme);
           if ($filename = tempnam($wrapper->getDirectoryPath(), $prefix)) {
             return $scheme . '://' . drupal_basename($filename);
+          }
           else {
             return FALSE;
+          }
+        }
         else {
           // Handle as a normal tempnam() call.
           return tempnam($directory, $prefix);
+        }
+      }
       /**
        * Gets the path of system-appropriate temporary directory.
        */
       function file_directory_temp() {
         $temporary_directory = variable_get('file_temporary_path', NULL);
         if (empty($temporary_directory)) {
           $directories = array();
           // Has PHP been set with an upload_tmp_dir?
           if (ini_get('upload_tmp_dir')) {
             $directories[] = ini_get('upload_tmp_dir');
+          }
           // Operating system specific dirs.
           if (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') {
             $directories[] = 'c:\\windows\\temp';
             $directories[] = 'c:\\winnt\\temp';
+          }
           else {
             $directories[] = '/tmp';
+          }
           // PHP may be able to find an alternative tmp directory.
           // This function exists in PHP 5 >= 5.2.1, but Drupal
           // requires PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, so we check for it.
           if (function_exists('sys_get_temp_dir')) {
             $directories[] = sys_get_temp_dir();
+          }
           foreach ($directories as $directory) {
             if (is_dir($directory) && is_writable($directory)) {
               $temporary_directory = $directory;
               break;
+            }
+          }
           if (empty($temporary_directory)) {
             // If no directory has been found default to 'files/tmp'.
             $temporary_directory = variable_get('file_public_path', conf_path() . '/files') . '/tmp';
             // Windows accepts paths with either slash (/) or backslash (\), but will
             // not accept a path which contains both a slash and a backslash. Since
             // the 'file_public_path' variable may have either format, we sanitize
             // everything to use slash which is supported on all platforms.
             $temporary_directory = str_replace('\\', '/', $temporary_directory);
+          }
           // Save the path of the discovered directory.
           variable_set('file_temporary_path', $temporary_directory);
+        }
         return $temporary_directory;
+      }
       /**
        * Examines a file object and returns appropriate content headers for download.
+       *
        * @param $file
        *   A file object.
+       *
        * @return
        *   An associative array of headers, as expected by file_transfer().
        */
       function file_get_content_headers($file) {
         $name = mime_header_encode($file->filename);
         $type = mime_header_encode($file->filemime);
         return array(
           'Content-Type' => $type,
           'Content-Length' => $file->filesize,
           'Cache-Control' => 'private',
         );
+      }
       /**
        * @} End of "defgroup file".
        */

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